Volume Z-Score Bars🍀Overview
Volume Z-Score Bars is a volume-analysis indicator that compares the current volume with its recent average and standard deviation. It calculates a volume Z-score to identify unusually high, normal, or below-normal volume conditions.
The indicator displays volume as color-coded columns in a separate pane and can optionally apply the same volume-intensity coloring to the price-chart candles. Bullish candles use green, while bearish candles use red.
🍀Features
Calculates the volume Z-score using the selected lookback period.
Classifies volume into four categories: extra high, high, normal, and below normal.
Uses adjustable opacity levels to visually represent volume intensity.
Optionally colors price candles according to both candle direction and relative volume strength.
Optionally displays the moving average of volume.
Displays the current Volume Z-Score in the PulseWire status line.
Includes separate alert conditions for extra-high and high relative volume.
The indicator requires valid volume statistics and returns no Z-score until sufficient data is available and the volume standard deviation is greater than zero.
🍀Inputs
Lookback Length: Number of bars used to calculate the average volume and volume standard deviation. Default: 20.
Show Volume Average: Displays or hides the moving average of volume in the indicator pane.
Paint Price Bars: Colors price-chart candles using the same direction and opacity logic as the volume bars.
Paint Volume Bars: Applies the relative-volume coloring and opacity to the volume columns.
Extra High Volume: Z-score threshold for the extra-high-volume category. Default: 3.0.
High Volume: Z-score threshold for the high-volume category. Default: 2.0.
Normal Volume: Z-score threshold for the normal-volume category. Default: 1.0.
Extra High Opacity: Opacity applied when the volume Z-score is above the extra-high threshold. Default: 100%.
High Opacity: Opacity applied when the volume Z-score is above the high threshold. Default: 80%.
Normal Opacity: Opacity applied when the volume Z-score is above the normal threshold. Default: 50%.
Below Normal Opacity: Opacity applied when the volume Z-score is at or below the normal threshold. Default: 10%.
🍀Usage
A volume Z-score measures how far the current volume is from its recent average in standard-deviation units.
Readings above 3.0 indicate extra-high relative volume by default. Readings above 2.0 and up to 3.0 indicate high relative volume, while readings above 1.0 and up to 2.0 are classified as normal volume. Readings at or below 1.0 receive the below-normal opacity setting.
Green bars represent candles where the close is greater than or equal to the open. Red bars represent candles where the close is below the open.
Use high-volume readings to help identify increased market participation, potential breakout activity, or significant price movement. Use the indicator together with trend, price structure, support and resistance, and other market-context tools rather than treating volume intensity as a standalone trading signal.
The Extra High Relative Volume alert triggers when the Volume Z-Score is above the Extra High Volume threshold. The High Relative Volume alert triggers when the Z-score is above the High Volume threshold but does not exceed the Extra High Volume threshold.
🍀Acknowledgement
This indicator is built based on Ghost Candles by BruzX
🍀Disclaimer
This indicator is provided for informational and educational purposes only. It is not financial advice, investment advice, or a recommendation to buy or sell any financial instrument.
Relative volume and Z-score readings do not predict future price direction or guarantee trading results. Alerts and visual signals should be interpreted in context and combined with independent analysis and appropriate risk management.
Indicator
Indicator
Smart Trend SignalSmart Trend Signal
Smart Trend Signal is a trend-following indicator designed to help traders identify high-probability buy and sell opportunities while filtering out market noise.
The indicator combines multiple technical factors, including:
Fast and Slow EMA trend analysis
RSI momentum confirmation
Volume confirmation for stronger signals
Visual Buy and Sell markers
Trend background highlighting
Features
Clear Buy and Sell signals
Trend confirmation using EMA crossover
RSI filter to reduce false entries
Volume filter for stronger trade setups
Works on all timeframes
Suitable for Forex, Crypto, Stocks, and Indices
Built-in alert conditions for PulseWire notifications
How to Use
Buy Signal: Appears when the fast EMA crosses above the slow EMA, RSI confirms bullish momentum, and volume is above average.
Sell Signal: Appears when the fast EMA crosses below the slow EMA, RSI confirms bearish momentum, and volume is above average.
For better results, use this indicator alongside proper risk management, support and resistance analysis, and higher-timeframe trend confirmation. Indicator
Indicator
Indicator
OBV Price Confirmation Chronology - On Balance VolumeOBV Price Confirmation Chronology is a price-volume research indicator that compares the timing of rolling record events in price and classical On-Balance Volume (OBV).
A standard OBV line shows how directionally signed volume has accumulated. This script adds a different analytical layer: when price and OBV establish corresponding upper or lower records, which one occurred first, did both occur on the same bar, or did one remain unmatched beyond the selected tolerance?
The purpose is to help users study whether the available volume series is confirming, leading, lagging, or failing to match new price records.
This is a descriptive context tool. It is not a trading system and does not generate buy or sell instructions, entries, exits, targets, stops, position sizes, probability estimates, or performance claims.
CORE IDEA
The script separately observes two event families:
- High-side records
- Low-side records
A high-side event occurs when price or classical OBV establishes a new upper record relative to its selected rolling lookback.
A low-side event occurs when price or classical OBV establishes a new lower record relative to its selected rolling lookback.
Price and OBV events are then paired within a configurable number of chart bars.
The resulting chronology state describes the order in which the matching records occurred:
- OBV led
- Price led
- Synchronized
- Price only
- OBV only
High-side and low-side states are calculated independently.
"High" and "Low" describe the direction of the rolling record. They are not long or short recommendations.
WHAT MAKES IT DIFFERENT
The classical OBV calculation itself is a standard technical-analysis foundation. The original contribution of this script is the chronology engine built around it.
The script does not simply plot OBV, detect an OBV moving-average crossover, or mark a one-sided OBV breakout.
Its distinguishing features include:
- Symmetrical high-side and low-side record analysis
- Independent price-record and OBV-record detection
- Bar-by-bar measurement of which record occurred first
- Synchronized-event classification when both records occur together
- Pending-event storage within a configurable pairing tolerance
- Unpaired-event classification when the tolerance expires
- Deterministic oldest-first event pairing
- Breakout-sequence compression to reduce repeated record events
- Optional sampled-record mode for more frequent research events
- A normalized OBV-versus-price range-position gap
- Compact historical markers
- Separate latest high-side and low-side labels
- A concise current-state table
- Confirmed-bar event handling by default
This is not a classic pivot-divergence indicator.
It does not wait for confirmed swing pivots, draw divergence lines between historical pivots, or classify regular and hidden divergence. It instead studies the chronology of rolling price and OBV records.
CLASSICAL OBV CALCULATION
Classical OBV is calculated from the selected Direction source.
When the source rises from the previous bar:
- The current available volume is added.
When the source falls from the previous bar:
- The current available volume is subtracted.
When the source is unchanged:
- Zero is added.
Close is the default Direction source.
The chronology engine always uses classical cumulative OBV, regardless of the selected visual display mode.
PRICE RECORDS
The Price record source can use:
- High / Low
- Close
With High / Low selected:
- High-side records are calculated from price highs.
- Low-side records are calculated from price lows.
With Close selected:
- Both upper and lower price records are calculated from closing prices.
A price record must exceed the previous rolling record by the configured Minimum price record extension.
The default extension is one minimum tick. This helps avoid treating insignificant floating-point or feed-level differences as meaningful new price records.
Setting the extension to zero accepts any strictly higher or lower value.
OBV RECORDS
A high-side OBV record occurs when classical OBV exceeds its previous rolling maximum.
A low-side OBV record occurs when classical OBV falls below its previous rolling minimum.
A usable positive volume input is required for a new OBV record event.
EVENT SAMPLING MODES
Breakout sequence start is the default event mode.
This mode groups a sustained run of repeated rolling records into a cleaner event sequence. A new event is allowed only after the selected number of reset bars has separated it from the preceding record run.
This reduces repeated markers during a continuous expansion.
Sampled rolling records is an alternative research mode.
It allows record events to appear more frequently, subject to the selected minimum number of bars between sampled events.
PAIRING LOGIC
High-side and low-side events maintain separate pending states.
When a price record occurs without a matching OBV record, the price event waits for the configured Pair tolerance bars.
When an OBV record occurs without a matching price record, the OBV event waits in the same way.
If the opposite record occurs within the tolerance, the events form a completed pair.
The script gives priority to the oldest valid unmatched event. A new event from the same source does not overwrite an older valid pending event.
The classifications are:
OBV led
The OBV record occurred first and the matching price record occurred later within the tolerance.
Price led
The price record occurred first and the matching OBV record occurred later within the tolerance.
Synchronized
The price and OBV records occurred on the same chart bar when no older opposite-source pending event had priority.
Price only
A price record remained unmatched after the tolerance expired.
OBV only
An OBV record remained unmatched after the tolerance expired.
The tolerance is measured in chart bars, not clock time.
A setting of eight therefore means eight bars on the active chart timeframe.
READING THE +N VALUE
A compact label such as:
OBV +3
means that the matching OBV record occurred three chart bars before the price record.
A compact label such as:
Price +2
means that the matching price record occurred two chart bars before the OBV record.
The number is not:
- Signal strength
- Price distance
- Volume percentage
- Expected return
- Reversal probability
- Continuation probability
It is only the number of chart bars separating the two record events.
VISUAL LANGUAGE
The default visual structure keeps the OBV series as the primary layer.
Default line colors:
- Cyan: displayed OBV series
- Yellow: selected smoothing line
Historical event markers:
- Diamond: completed price-OBV pair
- X: pending event expired without a matching event
Default marker colors:
- Blue: OBV led
- Gold: Price led
- White: Synchronized
- Gold X: Price only
- Violet X: OBV only
Marker position identifies the event side:
- Markers above the displayed OBV line represent high-side events.
- Markers below the displayed OBV line represent low-side events.
The latest high-side state is shown with a green label.
The latest low-side state is shown with a pink label.
Only one latest high-side label and one latest low-side label are maintained. Older event history remains available through the smaller markers.
All primary colors, line widths, label sizes, table settings, and visual layers can be customized.
STATUS TABLE
The default Compact table contains four rows:
High
Shows the latest completed or expired high-side chronology state.
Low
Shows the latest completed or expired low-side chronology state.
Pending
Shows whether a price or OBV record is currently waiting for a matching event.
A pending value such as:
H Price 3/8
means that a high-side price record has waited three bars out of an eight-bar tolerance.
Gap
Shows which series currently occupies the stronger relative position inside its own recent range.
The table can be moved to any corner of the indicator pane.
A Detailed table mode is also available for users who want additional state and environment information.
RANGE-POSITION GAP
Price and classical OBV are independently normalized to positions from 0 to 100 inside their respective recent ranges.
The calculation is:
OBV range position - Price range position
A positive result means OBV is positioned higher inside its own recent range than price is positioned inside its price range.
A negative result means price is positioned higher inside its own recent range than OBV is positioned inside its OBV range.
In Compact mode, the table displays the stronger side and the absolute difference.
For example:
OBV 22.5
means OBV is 22.5 normalized range-position points above price.
Price 31.0
means price is 31.0 normalized range-position points above OBV.
The Gap value is not a price percentage, volume percentage, probability, forecast, or signal-strength score.
An optional subtle background tint can highlight larger positive or negative gaps. It is disabled by default to preserve visual clarity.
DISPLAY MODES
Classic OBV
Displays classical cumulative OBV.
This is the default mode because it matches the series used by the chronology engine.
Rolling zero-base OBV
Displays the current classical OBV value minus its value a selected number of bars ago.
This can make recent movement easier to compare visually, but it does not change chronology calculations.
Directional balance %
Measures net directionally signed volume relative to gross directionally signed volume over the selected lookback and displays the result on a scale from -100 to +100.
This mode changes only the visible pane series.
Chronology events always remain based on classical cumulative OBV.
SMOOTHING
An optional smoothing line is enabled by default.
Available methods:
- EMA
- SMA
- RMA
- WMA
The smoothing line is a visual reference only. It does not change price-record detection, OBV-record detection, pairing, pending events, expiration, or alert conditions.
ALERTS
The script provides separate alert conditions for:
- High-side OBV led
- High-side Price led
- High-side Synchronized
- Low-side OBV led
- Low-side Price led
- Low-side Synchronized
- Unpaired chronology expiration
The unpaired alert is disabled by default.
All alerts are restricted to confirmed bar closes.
Alert events describe completed chronology conditions only. They are not trade instructions.
LIVE AND HISTORICAL BEHAVIOR
Evaluate confirmed bars only is enabled by default.
With this setting enabled:
- Persistent chronology states update only when the current chart bar closes.
- Pending records do not pair or expire during an unfinished bar.
- Historical and realtime event handling remain aligned around confirmed chart bars.
The displayed OBV line, smoothing line, and range-position gap can still update while the current bar is forming because their underlying price and volume values are live.
If confirmed-bar evaluation is disabled, chronology events become a provisional intrabar preview. Those states can change before the bar closes.
Alerts remain confirmed-bar events even when intrabar preview is enabled.
The script uses the current chart timeframe only.
It does not request higher-timeframe or lower-timeframe data, does not use lookahead, and does not use future bars.
An unpaired X marker appears on the bar where the expiration becomes knowable, not retrospectively on the original pending-event bar.
NON-STANDARD CHARTS
Chronology-event processing is paused by default on non-standard chart types, including synthetic price constructions such as:
- Heikin Ashi
- Renko
- Kagi
- Point & Figure
- Range
- Line Break
Standard candlestick or bar charts are recommended.
INPUTS AND CUSTOMIZATION
Users can adjust:
- OBV Direction source
- Visible display mode
- Rolling zero-base length
- Directional-balance length
- Smoothing method and length
- Price record source
- Record lookback
- Record event mode
- Sequence reset bars
- Sampled-event spacing
- Pair tolerance
- Minimum price-record extension
- Confirmed-bar behavior
- Non-standard-chart behavior
- Historical markers
- Latest labels
- Label style and size
- Table position
- Compact or Detailed table density
- Table text size and formatting
- OBV and smoothing line widths
- Range-position lookback
- Gap threshold and optional tint
- Primary colors
- Alert availability
Visual settings do not change the underlying chronology calculations.
SUGGESTED WORKFLOW
1. Use a standard candlestick chart with a consistent and meaningful volume series.
2. Begin with Classic OBV so the displayed series matches the chronology basis.
3. Review the High and Low rows separately. They represent different record directions and can show different chronology states at the same time.
4. Use the historical diamonds to locate completed price-OBV pairs.
5. Use the historical X markers to locate events that expired without confirmation.
6. Read the +N value only as a bar-count lead or lag.
7. Review Pending to see whether a price or OBV record is still waiting for a counterpart.
8. Use Gap as secondary range-position context, not as a trade trigger.
9. Adjust Record lookback, Sequence reset bars, and Pair tolerance for the timeframe and research horizon.
10. Combine the observations with independent price structure, trend, volatility, liquidity, and risk analysis.
LIMITATIONS
OBV is derived from the volume series supplied for the selected symbol and data provider.
Depending on the market, the available series may represent:
- Exchange trade volume
- Exchange-specific crypto volume
- Broker-specific volume
- Tick volume
- Limited volume
- No usable volume
The interpretation and quality of all OBV-based calculations therefore depend on the symbol and feed.
If no usable volume is available, the OBV series may remain flat or the chronology may not provide meaningful events.
The absolute numerical level of cumulative OBV is not directly comparable between unrelated symbols.
Large isolated volume events can affect the cumulative OBV path for an extended period.
Corporate actions, session changes, market gaps, futures contract rolls, and provider-specific data changes can affect price and volume records.
Record events depend on the selected lookback and price source.
Pairing results depend on the selected tolerance.
Lower timeframes can produce more frequent and noisier events.
Higher timeframes generally produce fewer events and require more elapsed time for pending states to complete or expire.
Price-only and OBV-only states do not predict reversal or continuation.
OBV leadership does not guarantee that price will follow.
Price leadership does not guarantee that OBV will confirm.
Synchronized records do not guarantee trend persistence.
Range-position Gap does not represent a trading edge or future probability.
Default parameters are research starting points and are not optimized for any symbol, timeframe, market, or trading method.
This indicator should be used as one descriptive price-volume perspective within a broader analytical process. Indicator
Indicator
Indicator
Psych Levels EnginePSYCH LEVELS ENGINE
Every chart has round numbers on it. Almost every indicator that draws them treats them all as equally important. This one doesn't. It watches each level, records every test, and colors the line by whether that level has actually been holding or breaking — in its current role, on your instrument, on your timeframe — measured against a hidden control baseline so you can see the edge instead of the raw hit rate.
Free and open source. Use it, fork it, tear it apart.
WHAT IT DOES
Round-number levels are drawn in three tiers (Major / Tradable / Sniper), auto-sized per instrument by preset — 500/100/25 on NQ, 100/25/5 on ES, 1.00/0.25/0.10 on CL, and so on, with a Custom option for anything else.
Each time price enters a level's zone, that visit is logged as a test and tracked until it resolves. The level's line then reflects its own measured history rather than a static assumption about round numbers.
WHAT MAKES IT DIFFERENT
Control levels. The script silently tracks "nothing" levels at an arbitrary offset from each round number and scores them with the identical logic. That pooled control rate becomes the baseline every real level is measured against. In a ranging market any price level will show a decent hold rate; the control tells you how much of it is the level and how much is just the tape. What the colors show is lift over a random price, not raw hold percentage. As far as I know nothing else on this platform does this, and it's the reason I built it.
First-touch resolution. A test resolves the moment price touches the hold target or the break level, whichever comes first — never by taking a close snapshot N bars later. A wick that ran your stop and came back is a break, and it gets recorded as one.
Role separation. A level below price is judged as SUPPORT, above price as RESISTANCE, and the two histories are kept apart. The same number can be a strong floor and a weak ceiling; averaging those together destroys the information.
Significance gate. A level only earns color once its lift clears roughly one standard error for its sample size — about 29pp at 3 tests, about 9pp at 30. Small samples have to show big lift to get a color. Everything unproven stays gray.
THE FLOW LAYER
Delta pressure at the moment of the test classifies it DEFENDED (buyers into support, sellers into resistance) or ATTACKED (aggression pressing through), which leans the line ahead of the outcome. Approach velocity (fast spike vs slow grind) and market regime (Kaufman efficiency ratio, with-trend vs counter-trend vs range) are tracked as interactions with flow rather than as standalone signals.
Delta is approximated with the tick rule on lower-timeframe sub-bars. PulseWire has no true bid/ask tape, so this is a proxy — which is exactly why the validation panel exists.
READING THE CHART
Line color — green: holds better than a random level in this role. Red: breaks more (a magnet). Gray: no evidence either way yet.
Line width — thicker means higher tier and/or a more reliable reaction history.
Line style — solid: defend lean. Dashed: attack lean. Faded: not enough tests to resolve.
Glyphs — « / «≪ defend lean on a fast / slow approach, » / ≫ attack lean on a fast / slow approach.
★ — confluence: flow and CVD absorption defending the same level (optional handshake, see below).
Panels: a ranked table of the top levels near price, a Flow @ zone validation panel (hold rate by flow bucket plus the flow x velocity and flow x regime interactions), and an optional setup log showing recent resolved tests as entry lean to realized outcome. One Clean Chart switch hides all of it.
HOW TO USE IT
1. Set your Instrument Preset. For most people that is the only setting that needs touching.
2. Watch the Flow @ zone panel — it is the honesty check. If Defended% sits well above Attacked%, the flow lean is separating outcomes on your chart. If they're flat against each other, ignore the lean and use the lines as plain structure.
3. Once the sample is real (n in the dozens), let the colors do the work.
ALERTS
Two independent paths; pick one, not both. Classic alertconditions from the dropdown, one alert per condition. Or the Alert Engine: one alert set to "Any alert() function call," with in-script toggles deciding which events fire — confluence, defended, attacked, approaching a role-strong level. Engine messages are built live and carry the measured hold rate for the exact condition that fired.
OPTIONAL CVD HANDSHAKE
If you also run my Elite CVD Oscillator, wire its AbsorbFlag and AbsorbDir plots into the CVD Confluence inputs to unlock the ★ marker and the confluence alert. Entirely optional — the script is complete without it. If you would like to use the cvd indicator here is the link to that script. Also completely free. Because I love you filthy degens and I want us all to win.
LIMITATIONS
The 15S delta timeframe requires a plan with seconds data; set it to "1" if yours doesn't have it.
All statistics accumulate from the moment the indicator loads and reset when the chart reloads. They are a live forward sample, not a backtest. Give it real screen time before trusting a number.
Levels are round numbers, not magic. The control baseline exists to show you how much of the reaction is real — and on some instruments and some regimes the honest answer will be "not much." That's a feature.
As always, backtest first to understand the behavior and how to use the psych level engine properly.
This is analysis, not financial advice. Nothing here is a signal to buy or sell.
Indicator
Rainbow RegimeThis is a companion to the Rainbow Yearly SMAs indicator. It takes the whole rainbow (the 200 day plus the 1 through 10 year simple moving averages) and turns it into one bottom pane readout with three modes you can switch between in settings.
Regime Score counts how many of the 11 SMAs price is above, from 0 to 11. Green columns at the top mean price is riding above the entire rainbow. Red at the bottom means price has dropped below everything, which has historically only happened near major bottoms. The interesting part is watching the score stair-step through the middle. That's the regime actually changing, not just a dip.
Stretch % shows how far price is from whichever SMA you pick, as a percentage. Teal when above, red when below. Set it to the 1 year and scroll back through history. The big spikes line up with cycle tops and the deep red troughs line up with bear market lows.
Days Since Touch counts how many days it's been since price actually traded through the SMA you picked (wicks count). When this column gets tall, price has been floating away from its anchor for a long time. Those reunions tend to be dramatic.
Everything is calculated on daily data no matter what timeframe your chart is on, so a 1 year SMA is always 365 days whether you're looking at daily, weekly, or monthly. Works best on assets with a lot of price history, like Bitcoin. Indicator
TF: ERAMA Trend (ET)TradingFlow: ERAMA Trend (ET)
TradingFlow: ERAMA Trend (ET) turns the Efficiency Ratio Adaptive Moving Average ( ERAMA ) into a color-coded trend-line tool. Regression slope identifies rising and falling direction, while ATR-normalized movement identifies confirmed flat-trend conditions with a hysteresis boundary for steadier state changes.
ET offers two independently configurable ERAMA lines, and users can display either one or both. They can be used as a fast/slow pair, or assigned separate roles: one for shorter-term trend context and the other for the longer-term main trend. The default EMA lengths are 20 and 200. Each displayed line receives its own length-adjusted lag reduction and trend-state classification while sharing the same price source and adaptive core.
How the ERAMA Core Is Calculated
1. Efficiency Ratio
ERAMA first measures how efficiently the selected Source has moved over the ER Length:
Change = |Source − Source from ER Length bars ago|
Volatility = Sum of |Source − Previous Source| over the ER Length
ER = Change ÷ Volatility
The Efficiency Ratio stays between 0 and 1. A reading near 1 means most movement contributed to net progress in one direction. A reading near 0 means price traveled back and forth with little net progress relative to its total path.
2. Efficiency-Adaptive EMA Blend
The Fast and Slow lengths create two EMAs of the same Source:
Fast EMA = EMA(Source, Fast Length)
Slow EMA = EMA(Source, Slow Length)
Adaptive = Slow EMA + ER × (Fast EMA − Slow EMA)
High ER moves the adaptive result toward the Fast EMA. Low ER keeps it closer to the Slow EMA. This uses Kaufman's Efficiency Ratio as an adaptive weight, but it is not the standard recursive Kaufman Adaptive Moving Average (KAMA) formula.
3. Shared WMA Base
Both ERAMA lines use the same adaptive blend and WMA stage:
WMA Base = WMA(Adaptive, WMA Smooth Length)
Sharing this base ensures that differences between the two displayed lines come from their EMA lengths and corresponding lag-reduction scales, not from separate ER measurements.
4. Per-Line Smoothing and Lag Reduction
Each line applies its own EMA length N:
Smoothed(N) = EMA(WMA Base, N)
Responsiveness Scale(N) = Min(1, 50 ÷ N)^Responsiveness Length Decay
Effective Responsiveness(N) = Responsiveness × Responsiveness Scale(N)
ERAMA(N) = Smoothed(N) + Effective Responsiveness(N) ×
The final difference term is a partial DEMA-style lag correction. For EMA lengths of 50 or less, the full selected Responsiveness is used. Above 50, Responsiveness decreases gradually according to the length-decay setting. This lets the shorter and longer ERAMA lines share one control without applying the same correction strength indiscriminately across very different horizons.
5. Direction Classification
Each line's direction is measured independently using its linear-regression slope over the Flat Confirmation Period:
Slope(N) = LinReg − LinReg
A positive slope sets that line's confirmed direction to rising. A negative slope sets it to falling. If the slope is exactly zero, the previous non-zero direction is retained.
6. ATR-Normalized Flat State
Flatness is also calculated independently for each ERAMA line:
Average Movement(N) = SMA(|ERAMA(N) − Previous ERAMA(N)|, Flat Confirmation Period)
Normalized Movement(N) = Average Movement(N) ÷ ATR(14)
A line enters its flat state when Normalized Movement is at or below the Flat Movement Threshold. It exits only after movement rises above 1.5 times the threshold. These separate entry and exit levels create hysteresis and reduce rapid gray/color switching near the boundary.
Direction and flat-state changes are committed on confirmed bars. The ERAMA values themselves can still update with the current open bar.
Using One or Two ERAMA Lines
Each ERAMA line functions as an independent color-coded trend line. Users can choose the arrangement that best fits their workflow:
• Display one line as a standalone trend tool
• Display both lines as a fast/slow pair
• Use ERAMA 1 for shorter-term trend context and ERAMA 2 for the longer-term main trend
The defaults use EMA lengths of 20 and 200, but both are configurable. Because the lines share the same Efficiency Ratio, EMA anchors, and WMA base, differences between them come from their smoothing horizons and length-adjusted lag reduction. Each line remains independently interpretable.
How to Read ERAMA Trend
Green — Rising
Green indicates a confirmed positive regression slope and a non-flat state. Price holding above a rising ERAMA supports a bullish directional interpretation for that line's horizon.
Red — Falling
Red indicates a confirmed negative regression slope and a non-flat state. Price holding below a falling ERAMA supports a bearish directional interpretation for that line's horizon.
Gray — Flat
Gray means the line's average movement is small relative to ATR. This often appears during consolidation, compression, or transition. Flatness is evaluated separately, so one ERAMA can be gray while the other remains directional.
Agreement Between the Lines
When both ERAMA lines rise, short- and long-horizon direction agree to the upside. When both fall, they agree to the downside. Mixed colors indicate that the two horizons are moving differently, which can occur during pullbacks, early reversals, or broader trend transitions. The relative position and crossings of the two lines provide additional context about trend alignment and transition.
Single-Color Mode
Disabling Color Lines by Trend removes the state colors. ERAMA 1 is then displayed in aqua and ERAMA 2 in gold. Their calculations do not change.
Understanding the Settings
Source
Selects the shared price series. The default is HLCC4: the average of High, Low, Close, and Close.
ER Length
Controls the shared Efficiency Ratio window. Lower values react to recent path changes sooner. Higher values evaluate directional efficiency over a broader sample.
Fast Length
Sets the Fast EMA anchor used by the shared adaptive blend. Fast Length must be lower than Slow Length.
Slow Length
Sets the Slow EMA anchor used by the shared adaptive blend. Slow Length must be higher than Fast Length.
Responsiveness
Controls the base strength of the partial DEMA-style lag correction. Higher values reduce more lag but can increase turning sensitivity and overshoot.
Responsiveness Length Decay
Controls how strongly Responsiveness decreases for EMA lengths above 50. Higher values apply a larger reduction to longer-period lines. A value of 0 disables length-based scaling.
WMA Smooth Length
Controls the shared WMA stage before the two output branches. Higher values create a steadier base with more delay.
ERAMA 1 EMA Length
Controls the first line's smoothing horizon and lag-reduction period. Its default is 20.
ERAMA 2 EMA Length
Controls the second line's smoothing horizon and lag-reduction period. Its default is 200.
Color Lines by Trend
Enables independent green, red, and gray state colors. When disabled, the lines use fixed aqua and gold colors.
Flat Confirmation Period
Controls the regression-slope window and average-movement window used by both lines. Higher values create steadier but slower state changes.
Flat Movement Threshold
Sets the maximum average ERAMA movement, measured in ATR units per bar, that is considered flat. Higher values classify more conditions as flat. Each line must exceed 1.5 times this threshold to leave the flat state.
Practical Use
ERAMA Trend can be used as a color-coded trend baseline, adaptive pullback reference, directional filter, or trend-management tool. A single line can represent the user's preferred trend horizon. When both lines are shown, the shorter line can provide earlier context while the longer line frames the main trend.
Colors provide a compact summary of each line's slope and movement state. The two configurable horizons can be combined with price structure to build a trend-reading framework suited to the user's timeframe.
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TradingFlow: ERAMA Trend (ET)
TradingFlow: ERAMA Trend (ET) 把效率比率自適應移動平均線（ ERAMA ）轉化為具顏色狀態的趨勢線工具。線性回歸斜率用來識別上升與下降方向；ATR 標準化移動則識別已確認的平坦趨勢，並透過遲滯邊界令狀態轉換更穩定。
ET 提供兩條可獨立調整的 ERAMA 線，使用者可選擇顯示其中一條或同時顯示兩條。它們可作為 Fast/Slow 雙線組合，亦可分別擔任不同角色：一條觀察較短期趨勢，另一條界定較長期主趨勢。預設 EMA 長度為 20 與 200。每條顯示線都有自己按長度調整的延遲縮減及趨勢狀態分類，同時共用價格來源及自適應核心。
ERAMA 核心如何計算
1. 效率比率
ERAMA 先衡量所選 Source 在 ER Length 期間內的移動效率：
變化 = |目前 Source − ER Length 之前的 Source|
波動 = ER Length 內每根 K 線之 |Source − 前一個 Source| 總和
ER = 變化 ÷ 波動
效率比率保持在 0 至 1 之間。接近 1 表示大部分移動形成單一方向的淨進展；接近 0 則表示價格反覆來回，相對總路徑只有有限淨進展。
2. 效率自適應 EMA 混合
Fast 與 Slow 長度會從同一 Source 建立兩條 EMA：
Fast EMA = EMA（Source，Fast Length）
Slow EMA = EMA（Source，Slow Length）
Adaptive = Slow EMA + ER ×（Fast EMA − Slow EMA）
ER 偏高時，自適應結果會靠近 Fast EMA；ER 偏低時，則靠近 Slow EMA。這個結構使用考夫曼效率比率作為自適應權重，但並不是標準的遞迴考夫曼自適應移動平均線（KAMA）公式。
3. 共用 WMA 基準
兩條 ERAMA 使用同一個自適應混合結果及 WMA 階段：
WMA Base = WMA（Adaptive，WMA Smooth Length）
共用基準確保兩條線之間的差異來自 EMA 長度及相應的延遲縮減，而不是使用不同的 ER 量度。
4. 每條線的平滑及延遲縮減
每條線分別套用自己的 EMA 長度 N：
Smoothed(N) = EMA（WMA Base，N）
Responsiveness Scale(N) = Min（1，50 ÷ N）^Responsiveness Length Decay
Effective Responsiveness(N) = Responsiveness × Responsiveness Scale(N)
ERAMA(N) = Smoothed(N) + Effective Responsiveness(N) ×
最後的差值項是部分 DEMA 式延遲修正。EMA 長度為 50 或以下時，會完整使用所選 Responsiveness；高於 50 後，Responsiveness 會按 Length Decay 逐步下降，讓長短週期共用同一設定時，不會不加區分地套用相同修正強度。
5. 方向分類
每條線都使用 Flat Confirmation Period 內的線性回歸斜率，獨立判斷方向：
Slope(N) = LinReg − LinReg
正斜率會把該線的已確認方向設為上升；負斜率則設為下降。斜率剛好等於零時，會保留上一個非零方向。
6. ATR 標準化平坦狀態
每條 ERAMA 的平坦程度亦會獨立計算：
Average Movement(N) = SMA（|ERAMA(N) − 前一個 ERAMA(N)|，Flat Confirmation Period）
Normalized Movement(N) = Average Movement(N) ÷ ATR（14）
當 Normalized Movement 小於或等於 Flat Movement Threshold，該線會進入平坦狀態；只有在移動升穿門檻的 1.5 倍後才會退出。不同的進入及退出門檻形成遲滯，可減少邊界附近灰色與方向顏色的頻繁切換。
方向及平坦狀態只會在 K 線確認後更新；ERAMA 數值本身仍可隨目前未收市 K 線變化。
使用一條或兩條 ERAMA
每條 ERAMA 都可獨立作為具顏色狀態的趨勢線。使用者可根據自己的方法選擇顯示方式：
• 只顯示一條線，作為獨立趨勢工具
• 同時顯示兩條線，作為 Fast/Slow 組合
• 使用 ERAMA 1 觀察較短期趨勢，並以 ERAMA 2 作為較長期主趨勢
預設 EMA 長度為 20 與 200，但兩者都可調整。由於兩條線共用效率比率、Fast/Slow EMA 錨點及 WMA 基準，它們之間的差異來自平滑週期及按長度調整的延遲縮減。每條線都可獨立解讀。
如何閱讀 ERAMA Trend
綠色 — 上升
綠色表示已確認的正線性回歸斜率，而且目前不處於平坦狀態。價格維持在上升 ERAMA 之上，可支持該線所代表週期的偏多方向判斷。
紅色 — 下降
紅色表示已確認的負線性回歸斜率，而且目前不處於平坦狀態。價格維持在下降 ERAMA 之下，可支持該線所代表週期的偏空方向判斷。
灰色 — 平坦
灰色表示線條的平均移動相對 ATR 較小，常見於整固、壓縮或轉換階段。兩條線的平坦狀態獨立判斷，因此其中一條可以顯示灰色，而另一條仍保持方向顏色。
兩條線的方向配合
兩條 ERAMA 同時上升，表示短期與長期方向均偏上；兩者同時下降，則表示兩個週期均偏下。顏色不一致代表兩個週期的移動方向不同，可能出現在回調、早期反轉或較大型趨勢轉換期間。兩條線的相對位置及交叉，可進一步提供趨勢配合及轉換背景。
單色模式
關閉 Color Lines by Trend 後，狀態顏色會停用。ERAMA 1 會以水藍色顯示，ERAMA 2 則使用金色；兩條線的計算不會改變。
設定說明
Source
選擇共用價格序列。預設為 HLCC4，即 High、Low、Close、Close 的平均值。
ER Length
控制共用效率比率的計算期間。較低數值會更快反映近期路徑變化；較高數值則在較廣樣本內評估方向效率。
Fast Length
設定共用自適應混合使用的 Fast EMA 錨點。Fast Length 必須低於 Slow Length。
Slow Length
設定共用自適應混合使用的 Slow EMA 錨點。Slow Length 必須高於 Fast Length。
Responsiveness
控制部分 DEMA 式延遲修正的基本強度。較高數值會追回更多延遲，但亦可能增加轉向靈敏度及超調。
Responsiveness Length Decay
控制 EMA 長度高於 50 後，Responsiveness 隨長度下降的幅度。較高數值會對長週期線條施加較大降幅；設為 0 會停用按長度縮放。
WMA Smooth Length
控制兩條輸出分支之前的共用 WMA 階段。較高數值會形成更穩定但延遲更多的基準。
ERAMA 1 EMA Length
控制第一條線的平滑週期及延遲縮減週期，預設值為 20。
ERAMA 2 EMA Length
控制第二條線的平滑週期及延遲縮減週期，預設值為 200。
Color Lines by Trend
啟用每條線獨立的綠色、紅色及灰色狀態。關閉後，兩條線分別使用固定水藍色及金色。
Flat Confirmation Period
控制兩條線使用的回歸斜率及平均移動期間。較高數值會令狀態變化更穩定但較慢。
Flat Movement Threshold
設定每根 K 線平均 ERAMA 移動的上限，並以 ATR 單位表示。較高數值會把更多市況分類為平坦；每條線必須升穿門檻的 1.5 倍才會退出平坦狀態。
實際應用
ERAMA Trend 可作為具顏色狀態的趨勢基準、自適應回調參考、方向過濾器或趨勢管理工具。單一線條可代表使用者所選的趨勢週期；同時顯示兩條時，較短線可提供較早背景，較長線則用來界定主趨勢。
顏色可簡潔概括每條線的斜率及移動狀態。兩個可調整週期可與價格結構配合，建立適合使用者時間週期的趨勢解讀框架。
Indicator
Indicator
PropKorea Momentum SlopeThe PropKorea Momentum Slope is a specialized trend-following indicator designed to capture the exact moment when market momentum accelerates. Rather than simply plotting price direction, this script measures the 'Rate of Change' (acceleration) of moving averages to help you identify powerful trends and filter out flat, choppy markets.
How It Works:
This indicator calculates the momentum of two distinct Moving Averages:
UD1 (Aqua Line): Short-term Momentum. It measures the rate of change of the 13 EMA, which is then smoothed by a 5 EMA for noise reduction.
UD2 (Fuchsia Line): Long-term Momentum. It measures the rate of change of the 34 EMA, smoothed by a 13 EMA.
How to Read the Signals:
🟢 Green Background (Bullish Momentum): Occurs when UD1 crosses above UD2. This indicates that short-term upside momentum is overpowering long-term momentum. It is an ideal environment to look for long entries or hold current long positions.
🔴 Red Background (Bearish Momentum): Occurs when UD1 falls below UD2. Short-term momentum is slowing down or reversing downward. This serves as a warning to manage risk on long positions or a signal to look for short setups.
Trading Philosophy:
Perfect entries require patience. This indicator is built for traders who love riding strong, unstoppable trends and prefer to stay on the sidelines during quiet, range-bound periods. It is highly effective for highly volatile instruments like Index Futures (Nasdaq 100, US30, etc.) where momentum breakouts are explosive.
Note: Because this indicator utilizes double-smoothing to eliminate fake signals, it acts as a momentum confirmation tool rather than a top/bottom picker. Wait for the setup, trust the momentum, and enjoy the trend. Indicator
Indicator
Indicator
Volume Profile Session EditionThe native PulseWire Volume Profile does not work on CFD/OTC
brokers like EasyMarkets, OANDA, Pepperstone, and others — because
these feeds provide zero or no real volume data.
This indicator solves that problem by automatically fetching volume
from a liquid proxy symbol that matches your chart instrument.
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HOW IT WORKS
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The indicator detects your chart symbol and automatically selects
a real-volume proxy from a regulated exchange:
- (60+ instruments mapped automatically)
If no proxy is found, it falls back to bar range (High–Low) so
the profile always renders regardless of the instrument.
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WHAT YOU GET
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🔷 Session Volume Profile
A classic histogram anchored to each trading session. Bars are
split into bullish (up) and bearish (down) volume side by side.
The Value Area is highlighted in separate colors for quick reading.
🔷 POC — Point of Control
The price level with the highest traded volume in the session.
Extends to the right edge of the chart on the current session.
🔷 VAH / VAL — Value Area High & Low
Upper and lower boundaries of the configurable Value Area
(default 70% of total volume).
🔷 Info Panel
Shows the active proxy symbol, current session POC, VAH and VAL
prices updated in real time.
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SESSION MODES
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Day mode (default)
One profile per calendar day (UTC). Resets automatically at
midnight. Works on any intraday timeframe.
Candles mode
One profile every N bars. Fully configurable — examples:
• 15m chart → 96 candles = 1 full day
• 15m chart → 32 candles = 8 hours (London session)
• 15m chart → 16 candles = 4 hours
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SETTINGS
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Session Settings
• Sessions to Show — 1 to 10 past sessions
• Session Mode — Day or Candles
• Candles per Session — bars per profile in Candles mode
• Min Bars to Draw — skip incomplete sessions (weekends,
holidays) that have fewer than N bars
• Extend POC to Right — current session POC extends to
the right edge of the chart
Profile Settings
• Number of Rows — resolution of the histogram
(fewer rows = thicker, more readable bars)
• Value Area % — volume percentage defining the VA
• Profile Width — histogram width as % of session duration
Style
• Up / Down volume colors
• Value Area Bull / Bear colors (highlighted rows)
• POC line color and width
• VAH / VAL line colors and visibility
Volume Proxy
• Auto-detect ON (default) — built-in symbol map
• Auto-detect OFF — enter any PulseWire symbol manually
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COMPATIBLE BROKERS
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EasyMarkets · OANDA · Pepperstone · IC Markets · FP Markets
· Any CFD or OTC feed where native volume profile shows no data
⚠️ DISCLAIMER
Volumes displayed are sourced from external proxy symbols
(Binance, FX, CME, COMEX, etc.) and do not represent the actual
volume of your broker or chart feed. Use for analysis and trend
confirmation only. Do not use as the sole basis for trading
decisions.
Requires PulseWire Pro or above.
⚠️ IMPORTANT:
- This indicator uses volume from EXTERNAL SOURCES, not broker volume
- Volumes may NOT match what you see on the chart
- Use as a secondary tool, as a SUPPLEMENT, not as the sole basis for decisions
- It is the user’s responsibility to validate the data Indicator
Efficiency Ratio Adaptive Moving Average (ERAMA)Efficiency Ratio Adaptive Moving Average (ERAMA)
Efficiency Ratio Adaptive Moving Average (ERAMA) is a smooth adaptive moving average that uses Kaufman's Efficiency Ratio to shift between fast and slow EMA behavior. It then applies WMA and EMA smoothing followed by length-adjusted lag reduction.
The objective is to combine three useful properties in one line: adapt to the directional efficiency of recent price movement, maintain a visually stable baseline, and recover part of the delay introduced by smoothing. ERAMA adjusts the balance between smoothness and responsiveness using current and historical data.
How ERAMA Is Calculated
1. Efficiency Ratio
ERAMA first measures how efficiently the selected Source has moved over the ER Length:
Change = |Source − Source from ER Length bars ago|
Volatility = Sum of |Source − Previous Source| over the ER Length
ER = Change ÷ Volatility
The Efficiency Ratio is bounded between 0 and 1:
• ER near 1 — most movement contributed to net progress in one direction
• ER near 0 — price traveled back and forth with little net progress
Because both Change and Volatility scale with price movement, ER is independent of the instrument's nominal price level.
2. Efficiency-Adaptive EMA Blend
The Fast and Slow lengths create two conventional EMAs of the selected Source:
Fast EMA = EMA(Source, Fast Length)
Slow EMA = EMA(Source, Slow Length)
ERAMA blends these two lines using the current Efficiency Ratio:
Adaptive = Slow EMA + ER × (Fast EMA − Slow EMA)
When ER is high, Adaptive moves closer to the Fast EMA. When ER is low, it stays closer to the Slow EMA. Intermediate ER values produce a proportional blend between the two.
This construction uses Kaufman's Efficiency Ratio as an adaptive weight, but it is not the standard recursive Kaufman Adaptive Moving Average (KAMA) formula.
3. WMA and EMA Smoothing
The adaptive blend passes through two smoothing stages:
WMA Base = WMA(Adaptive, WMA Smooth Length)
Smoothed = EMA(WMA Base, EMA Smooth Length)
The WMA gives greater weight to recent observations. The following EMA softens residual variation and determines the main output horizon. Higher values create a steadier line but also introduce more delay.
4. Length-Adjusted Lag Reduction
ERAMA compares the Smoothed line with an EMA-smoothed version of itself:
Responsiveness Scale = Min(1, 50 ÷ EMA Length)^Responsiveness Length Decay
Effective Responsiveness = Responsiveness × Responsiveness Scale
ERAMA = Smoothed + Effective Responsiveness ×
The difference between Smoothed and EMA(Smoothed) acts as a DEMA-style lag correction. A Responsiveness value of 0 disables this correction. A value of 1 applies the full correction before length scaling.
For EMA lengths of 50 or less, Responsiveness Scale equals 1. Above 50, the scale decreases gradually according to Responsiveness Length Decay. This keeps one Responsiveness setting practical across short and long EMA lengths. A decay value of 0 disables length-based scaling.
The Mathematical Idea
ERAMA separates adaptation, smoothing, and lag reduction into distinct stages.
The Efficiency Ratio controls the position between two already-defined EMA responses. WMA and EMA then create a stable output baseline. Finally, a partial DEMA-style correction restores part of the response lost to smoothing. The correction is reduced progressively for longer EMA lengths, where the distance between a line and its second EMA can otherwise become disproportionately large.
This is a causal construction: every stage uses only current and past data. The lag-reduction term can increase turning sensitivity and may create overshoot at aggressive settings, but the Responsiveness and Responsiveness Length Decay controls make that tradeoff explicit.
Characteristics and Advantages
• Efficiency-based adaptation using a bounded 0-to-1 ratio
• Interpretable Fast and Slow EMA anchors
• WMA and EMA smoothing for a stable visual baseline
• Adjustable partial-DEMA lag reduction
• Automatic responsiveness scaling for longer EMA lengths
How to Read ERAMA
Read ERAMA through its slope, its position relative to price, and the behavior of price around the line.
Slope
A rising ERAMA indicates that the smoothed adaptive baseline is moving higher. A falling ERAMA indicates that it is moving lower. A flattening line suggests weaker directional progress or a transition between trend phases.
Price Position
Price holding above a rising ERAMA supports a bullish directional interpretation. Price holding below a falling ERAMA supports a bearish interpretation. Repeated crossings often occur when price is rotating around the adaptive baseline or directional control is weak.
Distance and Reversals
A widening distance between price and ERAMA can reflect strong momentum or extension from the baseline. The lag-reduction stage helps ERAMA respond sooner when the smoothed path turns.
Understanding the Settings
Source
Selects the price series used by ERAMA. The default is HLCC4: the average of High, Low, Close, and Close.
ER Length
Controls the period used to measure directional efficiency. Lower values react to recent path changes sooner. Higher values evaluate efficiency over a broader window.
Fast Length
Sets the Fast EMA used by the adaptive blend. Lower values make the high-efficiency response faster. Fast Length must be lower than Slow Length.
Slow Length
Sets the Slow EMA used by the adaptive blend. Higher values make the low-efficiency response more conservative. Slow Length must be higher than Fast Length.
Responsiveness
Controls the strength of the lag-reduction term. A value of 0 uses the fully smoothed line. Higher values reduce more lag but can increase turning sensitivity and overshoot.
Responsiveness Length Decay
Controls how strongly Responsiveness decreases for EMA lengths above 50. Higher values apply more reduction to long-period lines. A value of 0 uses the same Responsiveness at every EMA length.
WMA Smooth Length
Controls the first smoothing stage. Higher values produce a steadier line with more delay.
EMA Smooth Length
Controls the primary output horizon and the period used by the lag-reduction EMA. Higher values create a smoother, slower baseline.
Default Configuration
Source: HLCC4
ER Length: 10
Fast Length: 2
Slow Length: 30
Responsiveness: 0.88
Responsiveness Length Decay: 0.15
WMA Smooth Length: 12
EMA Smooth Length: 20
Practical Use
ERAMA can serve as an adaptive trend baseline, directional filter, pullback reference, or trade-management guide. It is intended for traders who prefer to interpret slope and price structure directly.
Responsiveness can be tuned to emphasize steadier trend tracking or earlier reactions to short-term changes. The settings can be adapted to the instrument, timeframe, and intended holding period.
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Efficiency Ratio Adaptive Moving Average (ERAMA)
Efficiency Ratio Adaptive Moving Average（效率比率自適應移動平均線）是一條平滑的自適應移動平均線。它利用考夫曼效率比率（Efficiency Ratio），在快速與慢速 EMA 之間調整，再依次套用 WMA、EMA 平滑及按長度調整的延遲縮減。
ERAMA 的目標，是在一條線內結合三項特性：根據近期價格移動的方向效率作出適應、維持視覺穩定的基準，以及追回部分平滑所造成的延遲。ERAMA 使用目前及歷史資料，調整平滑度與反應速度之間的平衡。
ERAMA 如何計算
1. 效率比率
ERAMA 先衡量所選 Source 在 ER Length 期間內的移動效率：
變化 = |目前 Source − ER Length 之前的 Source|
波動 = ER Length 內每根 K 線之 |Source − 前一個 Source| 總和
ER = 變化 ÷ 波動
效率比率保持在 0 至 1 之間：
• ER 接近 1 — 大部分移動形成單一方向的淨進展
• ER 接近 0 — 價格反覆來回，總路徑較長但淨進展有限
由於變化與波動都會隨價格移動幅度同比例改變，因此 ER 不受商品名義價格水平影響。
2. 效率自適應 EMA 混合
Fast 與 Slow 長度會從所選 Source 建立兩條傳統 EMA：
Fast EMA = EMA（Source，Fast Length）
Slow EMA = EMA（Source，Slow Length）
ERAMA 使用目前的效率比率混合兩條線：
Adaptive = Slow EMA + ER ×（Fast EMA − Slow EMA）
ER 偏高時，Adaptive 會靠近 Fast EMA；ER 偏低時，則靠近 Slow EMA。介乎兩者之間的 ER 會按比例混合兩條 EMA。
這個結構使用考夫曼效率比率作為自適應權重，但並不是標準的遞迴考夫曼自適應移動平均線（KAMA）公式。
3. WMA 與 EMA 平滑
自適應混合結果會通過兩層平滑：
WMA Base = WMA（Adaptive，WMA Smooth Length）
Smoothed = EMA（WMA Base，EMA Smooth Length）
WMA 對較近期數值給予更高權重，後續 EMA 則柔化剩餘變化，並決定主要輸出週期。較高數值會令線條更穩定，但亦會增加延遲。
4. 按長度調整的延遲縮減
ERAMA 會比較 Smoothed 與其 EMA 平滑版本：
Responsiveness Scale = Min（1，50 ÷ EMA Length）^Responsiveness Length Decay
Effective Responsiveness = Responsiveness × Responsiveness Scale
ERAMA = Smoothed + Effective Responsiveness ×
Smoothed 與 EMA（Smoothed）之間的差值形成 DEMA 式延遲修正。Responsiveness 設為 0 會停用修正；設為 1 則代表在長度縮放前套用完整修正。
EMA Length 為 50 或以下時，Responsiveness Scale 等於 1。高於 50 後，縮放值會按照 Responsiveness Length Decay 逐步下降，令同一組 Responsiveness 設定可以較合理地跨越短期及長期 EMA 使用。Decay 設為 0 會停用按長度縮放。
數學設計
ERAMA 把自適應、平滑及延遲縮減分成三個獨立階段。
效率比率控制結果在兩條既定 EMA 反應之間的位置；WMA 與 EMA 形成穩定輸出基準；最後的部分 DEMA 式修正，追回一部分因平滑而失去的反應速度。對較長 EMA 而言，線條與其第二層 EMA 之間的差距可能較大，因此修正會隨長度逐步降低。
整個結構只使用目前及過往資料。延遲縮減可提高轉向靈敏度，較進取的設定亦可能產生超調；Responsiveness 與 Responsiveness Length Decay 讓這項取捨可以直接調整。
特性與優點
• 使用 0 至 1 有界效率比率作出適應
• Fast 與 Slow EMA 具有清晰可解釋的反應界線
• WMA 與 EMA 平滑形成穩定視覺基準
• 可調整的部分 DEMA 式延遲縮減
• 長週期 EMA 自動降低反應修正
如何閱讀 ERAMA
閱讀 ERAMA 時，應觀察線條斜率、價格相對位置，以及價格在線條附近的行為。
斜率
ERAMA 上升表示平滑後的自適應基準正在提高；ERAMA 下跌表示基準正在降低。線條逐漸走平，通常代表方向進展減弱，或市場正處於趨勢轉換階段。
價格位置
價格維持在上升 ERAMA 之上，可支持偏多方向判斷；價格維持在下降 ERAMA 之下，可支持偏空判斷。價格反覆穿越 ERAMA，通常出現在價格圍繞自適應基準旋轉，或方向控制偏弱的市況。
距離與轉向
價格與 ERAMA 的距離擴大，可能反映動能增強或價格已偏離基準。延遲縮減讓 ERAMA 在平滑路徑轉向時較早反應。
設定說明
Source
選擇 ERAMA 使用的價格序列。預設為 HLCC4，即 High、Low、Close、Close 的平均值。
ER Length
控制衡量方向效率的期間。較低數值會更快反映近期路徑變化；較高數值則在較廣時間範圍內評估效率。
Fast Length
設定自適應混合使用的 Fast EMA。較低數值會加快高效率市況下的反應。Fast Length 必須低於 Slow Length。
Slow Length
設定自適應混合使用的 Slow EMA。較高數值會令低效率市況下的反應更保守。Slow Length 必須高於 Fast Length。
Responsiveness
控制延遲縮減項的強度。設為 0 時使用完整平滑後的線條；較高數值會追回更多延遲，但亦可能提高轉向靈敏度及超調。
Responsiveness Length Decay
控制 EMA Length 高於 50 後，Responsiveness 隨長度下降的幅度。較高數值會對長週期線條施加更大降幅；設為 0 則所有 EMA Length 使用相同 Responsiveness。
WMA Smooth Length
控制第一層平滑。較高數值會形成更穩定但延遲更多的線條。
EMA Smooth Length
控制主要輸出週期，以及延遲縮減 EMA 所使用的週期。較高數值會形成更平滑、較慢的基準。
預設設定
Source：HLCC4
ER Length：10
Fast Length：2
Slow Length：30
Responsiveness：0.88
Responsiveness Length Decay：0.15
WMA Smooth Length：12
EMA Smooth Length：20
實際應用
ERAMA 可作為自適應趨勢基準、方向過濾器、回調參考或交易管理線，適合希望直接解讀斜率及價格結構的交易者。
Responsiveness 可用來偏向更穩定的趨勢跟隨，或更早反映短期變化。設定可按商品、時間週期及預計持倉時間調整。
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Efficiency Ratio Adaptive Moving Average (ERAMA)
Efficiency Ratio Adaptive Moving Average（効率比適応型移動平均線）は、カウフマンの効率比（Efficiency Ratio）を利用して速いEMAと遅いEMAの挙動を動的に切り替える、滑らかな適応型移動平均線です。WMA（加重移動平均）とEMA（指数移動平均）による平滑化を行った後、期間長に連動したラグ（遅延）削減処理を適用します。
ERAMAの目的は、3つの有用な特性を1本のラインに統合することです。すなわち、近年の価格値動きの方向性効率に適応すること、視覚的に安定したベースラインを維持すること、そして平滑化によって生じる遅延の一部を取り戻すことです。ERAMAは、現在および過去のデータを用いて平滑性と応答性のバランスを調整します。
ERAMA の計算方法
1. 効率比（Efficiency Ratio）
ERAMAはまず、選択された Source が ER Length 期間内にどれほど効率的に動いたかを測定します。
変化量 = |現在の Source − ER Length 本前の Source|
変動量 = ER Length 期間内の各バーにおける |Source − 前回の Source| の総和
効率比（ER）= 変化量 ÷ 変動量
効率比（ER）は 0 から 1 の範囲に収まります。
• ERが 1 に近い — 値動きの大半が一定方向への純粋な推進に寄与している
• ERが 0 に近い — 価格が反覆移動を繰り返し、総移動距離に対して純推進がほとんどない
変化量と変動量の双方が価格の移動規模に応じてスケールするため、ERは銘柄固有の価格水準（呼び値）に依存しません。
2. 効率適応型 EMA ブレンド
Fast Length と Slow Length のパラメータにより、選択した Source から2つの従来の EMA を作成します。
Fast EMA = EMA（Source, Fast Length）
Slow EMA = EMA（Source, Slow Length）
ERAMAは、現在の効率比（ER）を用いてこれら2つのラインをブレンドします。
Adaptive = Slow EMA + ER ×（Fast EMA − Slow EMA）
ERが高いとき、Adaptiveは Fast EMA に近づきます。ERが低いとき、Slow EMA の近くにとどまります。中間のER値では、2つのEMA間で比例的なブレンドが行われます。
この構造はカウフマンの効率比を適応型ウェイトとして使用していますが、標準的な再帰型カウフマン自適応移動平均線（KAMA）の計算式とは異なります。
3. WMA および EMA による平滑化
自適応ブレンド（Adaptive）は、2段階の平滑化処理を通過します。
WMA Base = WMA（Adaptive, WMA Smooth Length）
Smoothed = EMA（WMA Base, EMA Smooth Length）
WMAは直近のデータに高い重みを置きます。続くEMAは残留変動をなめらかにし、主要な出力周期（時間軸）を決定します。数値を高く設定するほどラインは安定しますが、遅延も大きくなります。
4. 期間長に応じたラグ（遅延）削減
ERAMAは、Smoothed ラインと、それをさらにEMA平滑化したラインを比較します。
Responsiveness Scale = Min（1, 50 ÷ EMA Length）^Responsiveness Length Decay
Effective Responsiveness = Responsiveness × Responsiveness Scale
ERAMA = Smoothed + Effective Responsiveness ×
Smoothed と EMA（Smoothed）の差分は、DEMA（二重指数移動平均）スタイルのラグ補正として機能します。Responsiveness を 0 に設定するとこの補正は無効になり、1 に設定すると期間長のスケーリングが適用される前の完全な補正が行われます。
EMA Length が 50 以下のケースでは、Responsiveness Scale は 1 となります。50 を超えると、Responsiveness Length Decay に従ってスケーリング値が徐々に低下します。これにより、短期から長期のEMA期間まで同一の Responsiveness 設定を合理的に運用できます。Decay を 0 に設定すると、期間長に基づくスケーリングが無効になります。
数学的概念と設計思想
ERAMAは「適応」「平滑化」「ラグ削減」を独立した段階として明確に分離しています。
効率比（ER）が、あらかじめ定義された2つのEMA応答の間の位置を制御します。次にWMAとEMAが安定した出力ベースラインを形成します。最後に、部分的なDEMAスタイル補正によって、平滑化で失われた応答速度の一部を取り戻します。長期間のEMAでは、ラインとその2次EMAの間の乖離が過大になる可能性があるため、補正量は長さに応じて段階的に削減されます。
これは完全な因果的構造であり、すべての段階で現在および過去のデータのみを使用します。ラグ削減機能は転換の感度を高める一方で、アグレッシブな設定ではオーバーシュートを引き起こす可能性がありますが、Responsiveness と Responsiveness Length Decay のコントロールにより、このトレードオフを明示的に調整できます。
特徴とメリット
• 0〜1 の有界な効率比に基づく自適応性
• 明確に解釈可能な Fast および Slow EMA アンカー
• 安定した視覚的ベースラインを形成する WMA および EMA 平滑化
• 調整可能な部分 DEMA スタイル・ラグ削減
• 長期 EMA 期間におけるレスポンス補正の自動スケーリング
ERAMA の読み方・分析方法
ERAMAを読み解く際は、ラインの傾き、価格の相対位置、そしてライン周辺での価格の挙動に着目します。
傾き（スロープ）
ERAMAの上昇は、平滑化された自適応ベースラインが切り上がっていることを示します。ERAMAの下降は、ベースラインが切り下がっていることを示します。ラインの平坦化は、方向性の勢いの減衰、またはトレンドの移行期を示唆します。
価格の位置関係
価格が上昇するERAMAの上方で推移している場合は強気（ブル）の方向性を支持し、下降するERAMAの下方で推移している場合は弱気（ベア）の方向性を支持します。ERAMAとの頻繁な交差（クロスオーバー）は、価格がベースライン付近で保ち合いを形成しているか、方向性の主導権が弱い状態によく見られます。
乖離と反転
価格とERAMAとの距離が拡大している場合は、強力なモメンタムまたはベースラインからの乖離を反映しています。ラグ削減ステージにより、平滑化された軌跡が反転する際、ERAMAはより早期に反応することができます。
設定パラメータの理解
Source
ERAMAで使用する価格シリーズを選択します。デフォルトは HLCC4（High, Low, Close, Close の平均値）です。
ER Length
方向性の効率（Efficiency Ratio）を測定する期間を制御します。値が小さいほど直近の値動きの変化に素早く反応し、値が大きいほど広い期間で効率性を評価します。
Fast Length
適応ブレンドで使用する Fast EMA を設定します。値が小さいほど、高効率相場での反応が速くなります。Fast Length は Slow Length より小さく設定する必要があります。
Slow Length
適応ブレンドで使用する Slow EMA を設定します。値が大きいほど、低効率相場での反応が控えめになります。Slow Length は Fast Length より大きく設定する必要があります。
Responsiveness
ラグ削減項の強度を制御します。0 に設定すると完全に平滑化されたラインを使用します。高い値を設定するほどラグが解消されますが、転換時の感度やオーバーシュートが増加する場合があります。
Responsiveness Length Decay
EMA Length が 50 を超えた際に、Responsiveness が減衰する度合いを制御します。高い値を設定するほど長期ラインへの減衰が強く適用されます。0 に設定すると、すべての EMA Length で同じ Responsiveness が適用されます。
WMA Smooth Length
第1段階の平滑化期間を制御します。値が大きいほど、より遅延のある安定したラインを生成します。
EMA Smooth Length
主要な出力周期およびラグ削減用 EMA の期間を制御します。値が大きいほど、より平滑で緩やかなベースラインを生成します。
デフォルト設定
Source: HLCC4
ER Length: 10
Fast Length: 2
Slow Length: 30
Responsiveness: 0.88
Responsiveness Length Decay: 0.15
WMA Smooth Length: 12
EMA Smooth Length: 20
実戦での活用方法
ERAMAは、自適応型のトレンドベースライン、方向性フィルター、押し目・戻りの参照線、あるいはトレード管理ガイドとして活用できます。ラインの傾きや価格構造を直接解釈することを好むトレーダーに適しています。
Responsiveness をチューニングすることで、安定したトレンド追従を重視するか、短期的な変化への早期反応を重視するかを調整できます。設定は取引銘柄、時間軸、および想定する保有期間に応じて最適化することが可能です。
Indicator
Indicator
Indicator
Indicator
EMA 21/55/100/200EMA 8/21/55/100/200 均线组
一个简洁实用的多周期 EMA 均线系统：将 EMA 8、21、55、100、200 五条指数移动平均线整合到一张图上，帮助快速识别趋势方向、支撑压力位与关键均线突破。适用于股票、指数、外汇、加密货币等品种与任意周期。
与其他均线指标的不同之处
1. EMA 8 智能显隐：默认隐藏；手动开启后，仅在非加密货币市场显示，在加密货币市场中自动隐藏，避免短线均线干扰。
2. 显示长度控制：默认只绘制最近 25 根 K 线内的均线，一键切换全部长度，图表更清爽。
3. 末端数值标签：最后一根 K 线自动标注各均线当前数值，EMA 8 和 EMA 21 额外显示与现价的偏离百分比，方便快速判断乖离。
4. 五档独立警报：价格分别触及 EMA 8、21、55、100、200 时触发提醒。
设置说明
1. 周期：自定义五条均线的周期。
2. 显示长度：是否显示全部长度、最近显示 K 线根数。
3. EMA 开关：各均线的显示开关（EMA 8 智能显隐）。
4. 标签：字号、缩写、差值百分比、标签颜色。
5. 线条颜色与粗细在"样式"页调整。
使用建议
1. 趋势跟随：价格站上 EMA 21/55 且均线多头排列时顺势看多；跌破关键均线时注意风险。
2. 乖离预警：EMA 8 或 EMA 21 偏离现价过大（如超过 1%）时，警惕短线回撤。
3. 支撑压力：EMA 55、100、200 常作为中期与长期支撑压力参考。
风险提示
本指标仅用于技术分析参考，不构成任何投资建议。市场有风险，交易需谨慎。
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EMA 8/21/55/100/200 Moving Average Group
A clean and practical multi-timeframe EMA system that combines five exponential moving averages (8, 21, 55, 100, 200) on one chart, helping you quickly identify trend direction, support/resistance levels, and key moving-average breakouts. Works across stocks, indices, forex, crypto, and any timeframe.
What makes it different
1. Smart EMA 8: hidden by default; when enabled, it only appears on non-crypto markets and auto-hides on crypto charts to reduce noise.
2. Display length control: by default, MAs are drawn only over the most recent 25 bars; one click switches to full length for a cleaner chart.
3. Last-bar value labels: the latest bar shows each MA's current value, with EMA 8 and EMA 21 also showing the % distance from price for quick overextension checks.
4. Five independent alerts: get notified when price touches EMA 8, 21, 55, 100, or 200.
Settings
1. Periods: customize each EMA period.
2. Display length: show full length or limit to recent bars.
3. EMA switches: show/hide each EMA (EMA 8 smart show/hide).
4. Labels: size, abbreviation, % difference and label colors.
5. Line colors and widths are adjusted in the Style tab.
Usage tips
1. Trend following: price above EMA 21/55 with bullish MA alignment suggests an uptrend; watch risk below key MAs.
2. Overextension warning: if EMA 8 or EMA 21 deviates too far from price (e.g. more than 1%), be alert to short-term pullbacks.
3. Support and resistance: EMA 55, 100, and 200 often act as medium- and long-term support/resistance references.
Disclaimer
This indicator is for technical analysis reference only and does not constitute investment advice. Trade at your own risk. Indicator
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