Inverse BandsThis was the result of quite some time spent examining how much information could be gleamed by studying the interactions between Keltner Channels, STARC Bands and Bollinger Bands. I was surprised by the results.
First of all, there are four fills that are black. Set the transparency of those to 0 and you'll see this indicator the way that it's meant to be seen. Those fills belong to unused sections of the Bollinger Bands.
There are two clouds which represent STARC Bands and the Keltner Channel. There is some delay when they flip from bullish (green) to bearish (red), but they are indicative of the trend. The space between them is black and the narrower that space is, the greater volatility is. Because of this, we don't need the exterior Bollinger Bands.
The Bollinger Bands remain visible as the yellow interior clouds on the top cloud and the blue interior clouds on the bottom cloud. Often, the thicker the yellow or blue cloud is, the less severe a throwback from a given trend reversal will be. Often the thinner that yellow or blue cloud is, the more severe the trend reversal will be. If price is rising into a thin interior yellow cloud, the following dip will be substantial. If price action dips towards a thicker interior blue cloud, often the pump following that dump will be less enthusiastic.
We preserve the Keltner Channel and STARC bands as our cloud because the way that they interact with the three basis lines yields a lot of information.
The yellow Bollinger basis line tells us about trend strength. The closer the BB basis line is to the top of the top cloud or the bottom of the bottom cloud, the stronger the trend is. When it enters the cloud very close to the bottom of the bottom cloud, you know you're looking at a strong pump, and vice versa when it's close to the top of the top cloud.
The purple Keltner Channel basis line and orange STARC Band basis line can forecast short term trend changes one candlestick in advance by contacting any line in either cloud. The moment either basis line touches or crosses any boundary of the clouds, you know that the next candle will change directions. In an uptrend, a touch or cross means the next candle will have a lower high point. In a downtrend, a cross or touch means the next candle will have a higher high point. This is most useful in scalping.
It'd be pretty easy to slap some crossover alerts on to this and useful considering that they come a candle in advance. Feel free to further explore and develop this. Indicator
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TSI Strength Meter vs USD with divergenceThis indicator consists of two lines. One is a gray line (USD) and the asset indicator is green or red.
The basis of this indicator is the true strength indicator (TSI) with parameters 5,15. Both line sets are based on a TSI (5,15).
The lookback period is for new highs / new lows. Default value is 200 periods.
GREEN/RED LINE
The first that is green and red is whatever you choose to display ( BTC in this case).
The green and red lines indicate going up or going down.
GRAY LINE
The gray line is the US Dollar . So everything is relative to that by default.
ZERO LINE CROSSES
These are momentum shifts. If you see a crossover of both around the zero line, its a good indication there is a change in momentum and a reversal of trend.
NEW HIGHS NEW LOWS
There are 4 new colors added to this indicator. For the asset you are viewing, a lime color means new highs within the lookback period. A new low is indicated by a yellow line color.
The new lows for the USD are white for new lows within the lookback period and blue line for the new highs.
DIVERGENCE
You can also spot divergences easily. For example, if a lime color is seen on the indicator line, that means "new high" but if it occurs below the last "new high" it means the asset is going up to new highs but the indicator is showing us that the readings are below the previous new highs, indicating a negative divergence.
The same goes for the yellow colored lines. higher yellows mean positive divergence.
And with the US Dollar , blue lines dropping means a negative divergence in the US Dollar , while white lines moving up means a positive dollar divergence.
INTERPRETATION
Examples:
If you see a green and sometimes red line of the asset indicator and a gray line that drops below the zero line; it may mean the asset is rising and the trend is up.
If you see a green and red line below the zero line and with a gray line above the zero line , it indicates there is a negative trend. If you suddenly see blue lines on the USD, this means its hitting new lows. If these blue lines then start to slowly move downwards; then we have a positive divergence. If that were to be followed by the green line crossing the zero line, its a pretty good be that the trend is changing and its a very good buying oportunity. Indicator
RedK Strength of MovementThis is a quick indicator i wrote to inspect the strength of price movement and show when what i consider to be "a quality trend" has been established. the code is open and commented - the "math concept" is really simple and i'm not sure if this has already been coded before :) - my apologies if it was.
my main goal was to identify opportunities to establish "simple, straight" long call or put positions for the stocks i follow
- what i noticed thru the years is that some opportunities will present themselves to take these basic option positions but they are "rare", maybe once or twice a year -- for example, in 2020, TSLA presented 2 such opportunities around the split and the index inclusion - so i needed an indicator that exposes these setups. if you can time yourself with these setups, they are incredibly rewarding.
these setups will happen when the SoM reaches 100% (in either directions) while it's in agreement with the prevailing trend (hence the need to use the SoM with a MACD or something like the Ribbon) - if the SoM hits the 100% in one direction and the trend is not in the same direction, that signal is invalid. see the chart for some examples.
a quick useful observation, is that the SoM will sometimes also act as a leading indicator for an imminent change in trend direction, which makes sense .. given that the SoM relies on exposing the "relative" movement or change of price (close for example) - thru the use of the stoch() function - and that this "change value" will usually expand in the direction of a strong trend and starts to contract ahead of a reversal.
Please fee free to use this code, leverage the indicator, or give feedback
i may come back later and update this with some features (like making this volume-weighted)
best of luck!
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Composite Any Currency Strength IndexThis is a flexible currency strength indicator and you can adjust it to any currency you wish 'to measure'. By default, it is set to measure USD major pairs. Indicator calculates every pair you list, and plots one composite chart in the form of Heikin Ashi candles. Basically, you will get USD index in this case. Similarly, you can get AUD, EUR, CAD, JPY, CHF, etc indexes by specifying corresponding symbols. Remember about base and quote currencies and location of each for correct calculations. Simple adjustments in the script needed if you want to value USD by using USD in both base and quote (counter) currencies.
For example, when calculating USD strength by looking into USDJPY (not into JPYUSD) symbols, you will need to add minus "-" before corresponding security in the script itself, not in the Settings Inputs.
Default study script (with JPYUSD):
// Inputs
...
string sec3 = input(defval="JPYUSD", type=input.symbol, title="Symbol")
...
h_sec3 = security(heikinashi(sec3), timeframe.period, high)
l_sec3 = security(heikinashi(sec3), timeframe.period, low)
o_sec3 = security(heikinashi(sec3), timeframe.period, open)
c_sec3 = security(heikinashi(sec3), timeframe.period, close)
Adjusted study script with USDJPY:
// Inputs
...
string sec3 = input(defval="USDJPY", type=input.symbol, title="Symbol")
...
h_sec3 = -security(heikinashi(sec3), timeframe.period, high)
l_sec3 = -security(heikinashi(sec3), timeframe.period, low)
o_sec3 = -security(heikinashi(sec3), timeframe.period, open)
c_sec3 = -security(heikinashi(sec3), timeframe.period, close)
Unfortunately, I am not a coder specialist and perhaps someone here could improve this indicator for easier and more friendly adjustments. But thanks to variety of symbols on PulseWire , you can ignore any changes in the script, and just use symbols with corresponding counter currency offered by this great platform.
Bollinger Bands, 2 x RMA, 4 x SMA/EMA were added for deeper analysing of the index. Other indicators with ability to select data sources (like CCI, StochRSI, Momentum etc) can be separately added to a current chart, but use Composite Any Currency Strength Index data as the source for analysing displayed pair, i.e. by selecting source - Composite Any Currency Strength Index: SMA Close or EMA HLC.
Thank you and good luck everyone!
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72s: Adaptive Hull Moving Average+One challenging issue for beginner traders is to differentiate market conditions, whether or not the current market is giving best possibility to stack profits, as earliest, in shortest time possible, or not.
On intraday, we've seen some big actions by big banks are somewhat can be defined --or circling around-- by HMA 200 . I've been thinking on to make the visuals more conform to price dynamics (separating major movement and minor noise) to get clearer signs of when it starts to happen. So it will be easier to see in a glance when the strength starts really taken place, with less cluttered chart.
This Adaptive HMA is using the new Pine Script's feature which now support Dynamic Length arguments for several Pine functions. ( read: www.pulsewire.com). It hasn't support the built-in HMA() directly, but thankfully we can use its wma() formula to construct. (Note: I tweaked a bit HMA formula already popular here by using plain int() instead of round() on its wma's length, since I find it precisely match pulsewire's built-in HMA).
You can choose which aspect the Adaptive HMA period will adapt to.
In this study I present it with two options: Volume and Volatility . It will "moves" faster or slower depends on which situation the aspect is currently into. ie: When volume is generally low or volatile readings is not there, price won't move very much, so the adapting MA will slow down by dynamically lengthen the lookback period, and vice versa, and so on.
Colour-markings in the Adaptive resembles which situation explained above. In addition, I also combine it with slope calculation of the MA to help measuring trend-strength or sideway/choppy conditions.
This way when we use it as dynamic support/resistance it will be more visually-reliable.
Secondly, and more important, it might help us traders with better probability info of whether or not a trade should even worth to be made . ie: If in the mean time market won't give much movement, any profit would also only as much. In most cases, we might better save our dime for later or place it somewhere else.
HOW TO USE:
Aside from better dynamic support/resistance and clearer breakout confirmation, MA is coloured as follow:
YELLOW:
Market is in consolidation or flat. Be it sideways, choppy, or in relatively small movements. If it shows up in a trending market, it may be an earlier sign that current trend might about to change its direction, or confirming a price broke-out to another side.
LIGHT GREEN or LIGHT RED:
Tells if a trend is forming but still relatively weak (or getting weaker), as it doesn't have volume or volatility to support.
DARKER GREEN ot DARKER RED:
This is where we can expect some good and strong price movement to ride. If it's strong enough, many times it marks a start of new long-lasting major trend.
SETTINGS:
Charger:
Choose which aspect your HMA should plug itself into, thus it will adapt to it.
Minimum Period, Maximum Period:
172 - 233 is just my own setting to outmatch the static HMA 200 for intraday. I find it --in my style of trading-- best in 15m tf in almost any pair, and 15m to 1H for some stocks. It also works nicely with conventional EMA 200, sometimes as if they somewhat work hand-in-hand in defining where the price should go. But you can, ofcourse, experiment with other ranges, broader or narrower. Especially if you already have an established strategy to follow to. As you might do with:
Consolidation area threshold:
This has to do with slope calculation. The bigger the number means your MA needs bigger degree to define the market is out of flat (yellow) area. This can be useful if needed to lighten up the filter or vice-versa.
Background colouring:
Just another colouring to help highlighting the difference in market conditions.
ALERTS:
There are two alerts:
Volume Break: when volume is breaking up above average, and
Volatility Meter: when the market more likely is about to have its moment of the big wiggling brush.
USAGE:
Very very nice BUY entry to catch big up-movement if:
1. Price is above MA. (It is best when price is also not to far distance from the MA, or you can also use distance oscillator to help out too)
2. HMA's color is in darker green. Means it's on the charging plug with your chosen aspect.
3. RSI is above 50. This is to help as additional confirmation.
Clear SELL entry signal is same as above, just the opposite.
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Note:
Lower timeframe of course means more noise to be filtered. Depends on the instrument, you might need to tweak the settings a bit till it conform nicely and shows lots of good trades in history. Here's another example on GBPUSD 5m timeframe:
For exit/take-profit point, you can use a second faster period static HMA. Or you can also use RSI. Here's an example:
Don't get me wrong, on few occasions I found it's still best using static MA to spot fakeouts, breakouts, etc, especially ones that's been already use widely. If that's the case or price actions seems suspicious, simply put the same value for minimum and maximum period settings, and there you have the original HMA with extra features.
For developer, check in the code if you need to customise your own charger.
-------------------------------------------------------
That's it. Hopefully this Adaptive HMA+ could at least be a good sidekick to your own strategy, as it does mine. ;)
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Relative Currency StrengthThis indicator shows the relative strength of the majors and crosses compared to each other. So, if you are taking a EURUSD long, are you taking it because the Euro is strong or the USD is weak or both? How do you know? This indicator will show you how strong a current is compared to the other majors and crosses. So in the EURUSD example, you will know how strong the EUR is compared to NZD, AUD, JPY, CHF, GBP, CAD and USD and how strong the USD is compared to the NZD, AUD, JPY, CHF, EUR, GBP and CAD. You can then make an informed choice as to whether the trade makes sense.
Notice in the examples below how the indicator clearly shows how CHF was weak all day and GBP was strong in the morning but then collapsed in the afternoon.
The indicator functions by taking a set point in the day and comparing how price compares to it for the rest of the day. I set it to Europe open and then take context of how a currency is comparing to that price (verses the other currencies) over the course of the day.
You can use the indicator in 2 ways - you set a currency as a baseline and see how other currencies fluctuate about it or you can see how all the currencies strengths compare to each other.
If you have the full pulsewire membership you can have 8 screens and see how each currency compares. if you set the indicator to automatic it will automatically default to the base currency that you compare to OANDA gold.
The general strength is useful as a general overview as to where strength and weakness is in the charts. It works by using gold as the baseline which is a reliable way to compare strengths.
REMEMBER, THIS GIVES SUMMARY DATA. USE IT TO GET MARKET CONTEXT IN ORDER TO IDENTIFY WHERE STRENGTH AND WEAKNESS IS - YOU CANT JUST TRADE FROM IT. It's extremely useful in fast moving markets to easily stay aware of what is happening.
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Effort v RewardI made this indicator to make it easier to compare volume and price movement. This is similar in concept to the Market Facilitation Index by Bill Williams, although hopefully this can make that analysis easier to see at a glance (similar to the way some bar overlays/recolors work but with more detail and in its own pane). The primary use for this indicator would be paying attention to the red EMA, which shows the difference between price movement and volume, normalized within the normalization lookback period (adjustable, defaults to 30 bars). When the red ema moves up, it means there is less effort required to move price more, which means the trend (if there is one) is probably stronger or has had resistance removed/shaken out already; if the red ema moves down into the negative, it means there is a lot of effort for very little price movement, meaning a large battle between the bears and the bulls currently (squat). Enjoy, let me know if you want adjustments, and safe and successful trading! Indicator
Colored Directional Movement and Bollinger Band's Cloud by DGTThis study combines Bollinger Bands, one of the most popular technical analysis indicators on the market, and Directional Movement (DMI), which is another quite valuable technical analysis indicator.
Bollinger Bands used in conjunction with Directional Movement (DMI) may help getting a better understanding of the ever changing landscape of the market and perform more advanced technical analysis
Here are details of the concept applied
1- Plots Bollinger Band’s (BB) Cloud colored based on Bollinger Band Width (BBW) Indicator’s value
Definition
Bollinger Bands (created by John Bollinger ) are a way to measure volatility . As volatility increases, the wider the bands become and similarly as volatility decreases, the gap between bands narrows
Bollinger Bands, in widely used approach, consist of a band of three lines. Likewise common usage In this study a band of five lines is implemented
The line in the middle is a Simple Moving Average (SMA) set to a period of 20 bars (the most popular usage). The SMA then serves as a base for the Upper and Lower Bands. The Upper and Lower Bands are used as a way to measure volatility by observing the relationship between the Bands and price. the Upper and Lower Bands in this study are set to two and three standard deviations (widely used form is only two standard deviations) away from the SMA (The Middle Line), hence there are two Upper Bands and two Lower Bands. The background between two Upper Bands is filled with a green color and the background between two Lower Bands is filled with a red color. In this we have obtained Bollinger Band’s (BB) Clouds (Upper Cloud and Lower Cloud)
Additionally the intensity of the color of the background is calculated with Bollinger Bands Width ( BBW ), which is a technical analysis indicator derived from the standard Bollinger Bands indicator. Bollinger Bands Width, quantitatively measures the width between the Upper and Lower Bands. In this study the intensity of the color of the background is increased if BBW value is greater than %25
What to look for
Price Actions : Prices are almost always within the bands especially at this study the bands of three standard deviations away from the SMA. Price touching or breaking the BB Clouds could be considered as buying or selling opportunity. However this is not always the case, there are exceptions such as Walking the Bands. “Walking the Bands” can occur in either a strong uptrend or a strong downtrend. During a strong trend, there may be repeated instances of price touching or breaking through the BB Clouds. Each time that this occurs, it is not a signal, it is a result of the overall strength of the move. In this study in order to get a better understanding of the trend and add ability to perform some advanced technical analysis Directional Movement Indicator (DMI) is added to be used in conjunction with Bollinger Bands.
Cycling Between Expansion and Contraction : One of the most well-known theories in regards to Bollinger Bands is that volatility typically fluctuates between periods of expansion (Bands Widening : surge in volatility and price breaks through the BB Cloud) and contraction (Bands Narrowing : low volatility and price is moving relatively sideways). Using Bollinger Bands in conjunction with Bollinger Bands Width may help identifying beginning of a new directional trend which can result in some nice buying or selling signals. Of course the trader should always use caution
2- Plots Colored Directional Movement Line
Definition
Directional Movement (DMI) (created by J. Welles Wilder ) is actually a collection of three separate indicators combined into one. Directional Movement consists of the Average Directional Index (ADX) , Plus Directional Indicator (+D I) and Minus Directional Indicator (-D I) . ADX's purposes is to define whether or not there is a trend present. It does not take direction into account at all. The other two indicators (+DI and -DI) are used to compliment the ADX. They serve the purpose of determining trend direction. By combining all three, a technical analyst has a way of determining and measuring a trend's strength as well as its direction.
This study combines all three lines in a single colored shapes series plotted on the top of the price chart indicating the trend strength with different colors and its direction with triangle up and down shapes.
What to look for
Trend Strength : Analyzing trend strength is the most basic use for the DMI. Wilder believed that a DMI reading above 25 indicated a strong trend, while a reading below 20 indicated a weak or non-existent trend
Crosses : DI Crossovers are the significant trading signal generated by the DMI
With this study
A Strong Trend is assumed when ADX >= 25
Bullish Trend is defined as (+D I > -DI ) and (ADX >= 25), which is plotted as green triangle up shape on top of the price chart
Bearish Trend is defined as (+D I < -DI ) and (ADX >= 25), which is plotted as red triangle down shape on top of the price chart
Week Trend is assumed when 17< ADX < 25, which is plotted as black triangles up or down shape, depending on +DI-DI values, on top of the price chart
Non-Existent Trend is assumed when ADX < 17, which is plotted as yellow triangles up or down shape, depending on +DI-DI values, on top of the price chart
Additionally intensity of the colors used in all cases above are defined by comparing ADX’s current value with its previous value
Summary of the Study:
Even more simplified and visually enhanced DMI drawing comparing to its classical usage (may require a bit practice to get used to it)
As said previously, to get a better understanding of the trend and add ability to perform some advanced technical analysis Directional Movement Indicator (DMI) is used in conjunction with Bollinger Bands.
PS: Analysis and tests are performed with high volatile Cryptocurrency Market
Source of References : definitions provided herein are gathered from PulseWire’s knowledgebase/library
Disclaimer: The script is for informational and educational purposes only. Use of the script does not constitutes professional and/or financial advice. You alone the sole responsibility of evaluating the script output and risks associated with the use of the script. In exchange for using the script, you agree not to hold dgtrd pulsewire user liable for any possible claim for damages arising from any decision you make based on use of the script
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Bar Balance [LucF]Bar Balance extracts the number of up, down and neutral intrabars contained in each chart bar, revealing information on the strength of price movement. It can display stacked columns representing raw up/down/neutral intrabar counts, or an up/down balance line which can be calculated and visualized in many different ways.
WARNING: This is an analysis tool that works on historical bars only. It does not show any realtime information, and thus cannot be used to issue alerts or for automated trading. When realtime bars elapse, the indicator will require a browser refresh, a change to its Inputs or to the chart's timeframe/symbol to recalculate and display information on those elapsed bars. Once a trader understands this, the indicator can be used advantageously to make discretionary trading decisions.
Traders used to work with my Delta Volume Columns Pro will feel right at home in this indicator's Inputs . It has lots of options, allowing it to be used in many different ways. If you value the bar balance information this indicator mines, I hope you will find the time required to master the use of Bar Balance well worth the investment.
█ OVERVIEW
The indicator has two modes: Columns and Line .
Columns
• In Columns mode you can display stacked Up/Down/Neutral columns.
• The "Up" section represents the count of intrabars where `close > open`, "Down" where `close < open` and "Neutral" where `close = open`.
• The Up section always appears above the centerline, the Down section below. The Neutral section overlaps the centerline, split halfway above and below it.
The Up and Down sections start where the Neutral section ends, when there is one.
• The Up and Down sections can be colored independently using 7 different methods.
• The signal line plotted in Line mode can also be displayed in Columns mode.
Line
• Displays a single balance line using a zero centerline.
• A variable number of independent methods can be used to calculate the line (6), determine its color (5), and color the fill (5).
You can thus evaluate the state of 3 different components with this single line.
• A "Divergence Levels" feature will use the line to automatically draw expanding levels on divergence events.
Features available in both modes
• The color of all components can be selected from 15 base colors, with 16 gradient levels used for each base color in the indicator's gradients.
• A zero line can show a 6-state aggregate value of the three main volume balance modes.
• The background can be colored using any of 5 different methods.
• Chart bars can be colored using 5 different methods.
• Divergence and large neutral count ratio events can be shown in either Columns or Line mode, calculated in one of 4 different methods.
• Markers on 6 different conditions can be displayed.
█ CONCEPTS
Intrabar inspection
Intrabar inspection means the indicator looks at lower timeframe bars ( intrabars ) making up a given chart bar to gather its information. If your chart is on a 1-hour timeframe and the intrabar resolution determined by the indicator is 5 minutes, then 12 intrabars will be analyzed for each chart bar and the count of up/down/neutral intrabars among those will be tallied.
Bar Balances and calculation methods
The indicator uses a variety of methods to evaluate bar balance and to derive other calculations from them:
1. Balance on Bar : Uses the relative importance of instant Up and Down counts on the bar.
2. Balance Averages : Uses the difference between the EMAs of Up and Down counts.
3. Balance Momentum : Starts by calculating, separately for both Up and Down counts, the difference between the same EMAs used in Balance Averages and an SMA of double the period used for the EMAs. These differences are then aggregated and finally, a bounded momentum of that aggregate is calculated using RSI.
4. Markers Bias : It sums the bull/bear occurrences of the four previous markers over a user-defined period (the default is 14).
5. Combined Balances : This is the aggregate of the instant bull/bear bias of the three main bar balances.
6. Dual Up/Down Averages : This is a display mode showing the EMA calculated for each of the Up and Down counts.
Interpretation of neutral intrabars
What do neutral intrabars mean? When price does not change during a bar, it can be because there is simply no interest in the market, or because of a perfect balance between buyers and sellers. The latter being more improbable, Bar Balance assumes that neutral bars reveal a lack of interest, which entails uncertainty. That is the reason why the option is provided to interpret ratios of neutral intrabars greater than 50% as divergences. It is also the rationale behind the option to dampen signal lines on the inverse ratio of neutral intrabars, so that zero intrabars do not affect the signal, and progressively larger proportions of neutral intrabars will reduce the signal's amplitude, as the balance calcs using the up/down counts lose significance. The impact of the dampening will vary with markets. Weaker markets such as cryptos will often contain greater numbers of neutral intrabars, so dampening the Line in that sector will have a greater impact than in more liquid markets.
█ FEATURES
1 — Columns
• While the size of the Up/Down columns always represents their respective importance on the bar, their coloring mode is independent. The default setup uses a standard coloring mode where the Up/Down columns over/under the zero line are always in the bull/bear color with a higher intensity for the winning side. Six other coloring modes allow you to pack more information in the columns. When choosing to color the top columns using a bull/bear gradient on Balance Averages, for example, you will end up with bull/bear colored tops. In order for the color of the bottom columns to continue to show the instant bar balance, you can then choose the "Up/Down Ratio on Bar — Dual Solid Colors" coloring mode to make those bars the color of the winning side for that bar.
• Line mode shows only the line, but Columns mode allows displaying the line along with it. If the scale of the line is different than that of the scale of the columns, the line will often appear flat. Traders may find even a flat line useful as its bull/bear colors will be easily distinguishable.
2 — Line
• The default setup for Line mode uses a calculation on "Balance Momentum", with a fill on the longer-term "Balance Averages" and a line color based on the "Markers Bias". With the background set on "Line vs Divergence Levels" and the zero line on the hard-coded "Combined Bar Balances", you have access to five distinct sources of information at a glance, to which you can add divergences, divergences levels and chart bar coloring. This provides powerful potential in displaying bar balance information.
• When no columns are displayed, Line mode can show the full scale of whichever line you choose to calculate because the columns' scale no longer interferes with the line's scale.
• Note that when "Balance on Bar" is selected, the Neutral count is also displayed as a ratio of the balance line. This is the only instance where the Neutral count is displayed in Line mode.
• The "Dual Up/Down Averages" is an exception as it displays two lines: one average for the Up counts and another for the Down counts. This mode will be most useful when Columns are also displayed, as it provides a reference for the top and bottom columns.
3 — Zero Line
The zero line can be colored using two methods, both based on the Combined Balances, i.e., the aggregate of the instant bull/bear bias of the three main bar balances.
• In "Six-state Dual Color Gradient" mode, a dot appears on every bar. Its color reflects the bull/bear state of the Combined Balances, and the dot's brightness reflects the tally of balance biases.
• In "Dual Solid Colors (All Bull/All Bear Only)" a dot only appears when all three balances are either bullish or bearish. The resulting pattern is identical to that of Marker 1.
4 — Divergences
• Divergences are displayed as a small circle at the top of the scale. Four different types of divergence events can be detected. Divergences occur whenever the bull/bear bias of the method used diverges with the bar's price direction.
• An option allows you to include in divergence events instances where the count of neutral intrabars exceeds 50% of the total intrabar count.
• The divergence levels are dynamic levels that automatically build from the line's values on divergence events. On consecutive divergences, the levels will expand, creating a channel. This implementation of the divergence levels corresponds to my view that divergences indicate anomalies, hesitations, points of uncertainty if you will. It excludes any association of a pre-determined bullish/bearish bias to divergences. Accordingly, the levels merely take note of divergence events and mark those points in time with levels. Traders then have a reference point from which they can evaluate further movement. The bull/bear/neutral colors used to plot the levels are also congruent with this view in that they are determined by price's position relative to the levels, which is how I think divergences can be put to the most effective use.
5 — Background
• The background can show a bull/bear gradient on four different calculations. You can adjust its brightness to make its visual importance proportional to how you use it in your analysis.
6 — Chart bars
• Chart bars can be colored using five different methods.
• You have the option of emptying the body of bars where volume does not increase, as does my TLD indicator, the idea behind this being that movement on bars where volume does not increase is less relevant.
7 — Intrabar Resolution
You can choose between three modes. Two of them are automatic and one is manual:
a) Fast, Longer history, Auto-Steps (~12 intrabars) : Optimized for speed and deeper history. Uses an average minimum of 12 intrabars.
b) More Precise, Shorter History Auto-Steps (~24 intrabars) : Uses finer intrabar resolution. It is slower and provides less history. Uses an average minimum of 24 intrabars.
c) Fixed : Uses the fixed resolution of your choice.
Auto-Steps calculations vary for 24/7 and conventional markets in order to achieve the proper target of minimum intrabars.
You can choose to view the intrabar resolution currently used to calculate delta volume. It is the default.
The proper selection of the intrabar resolution is important. It must achieve maximal granularity to produce precise results while not unduly slowing down calculations, or worse, causing runtime errors.
8 — Markers
Six markers are available:
1. Combined Balances Agreement : All three Bar Balances are either bullish or bearish.
2. Up or Down % Agrees With Bar : An up marker will appear when the percentage of up intrabars in an up chart bar is greater than the specified percentage. Conditions mirror to down bars.
3. Divergence confirmations By Price : One of the four types of balance calculations can be used to detect divergences with price. Confirmations occur when the bar following the divergence confirms the balance bias. Note that the divergence events used here do not include neutral intrabar events.
4. Balance Transitions : Bull/bear transitions of the selected balance.
5. Markers Bias Transitions : Bull/bear transitions of the Markers Bias.
6. Divergence Confirmations By Line : Marks points where the line first breaches a divergence level.
Markers appear when the condition is detected, without delay. Since nothing is plotted in realtime, markers do not appear on the realtime bar.
9 — Settings
• Two modes can be selected to dampen the line on the ratio of neutral intrabars.
• A distinct weight can be attributed to the count of the latter half of intrabars, on the assumption that later intrabars may be more important in determining the outcome of chart bars.
• Allows control over the periods of the different moving averages used in calculations.
• The default periods used for the various calculations define the following hierarchy from slow to fast:
Balance Averages: 50,
Balance Momentum: 20,
Dual Up/Down Averages: 20,
Marker Bias: 10.
█ LIMITATIONS
• This script uses a special characteristic of the `security()` function allowing the inspection of intrabars—which is not officially supported by PulseWire.
• The method used does not work on the realtime bar—only on historical bars.
• The indicator only works on some chart resolutions: 3, 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 12 hours, 1 day, 1 week and 1 month. The script’s code can be modified to run on other resolutions, but chart resolutions must be divisible by the lower resolution used for intrabars and the stepping mechanism could require adaptation.
• When using the "Line vs Divergence Levels — Dual Color Gradient" color mode to fill the line, background or chart bars, keep in mind that a line calculation mode must be defined for it to work, as it determines gradients on the movement of the line relative to divergence levels. If the line is hidden, it will not work.
• When the difference between the chart’s resolution and the intrabar resolution is too great, runtime errors will occur. The Auto-Steps selection mechanisms should avoid this.
• Alerts do not work reliably when `security()` is used at intrabar resolutions. Accordingly, no alerts are configured in the indicator.
• The color model used in the indicator provides for fancy visuals that come at a price; when you change values in Inputs , it can take 20 seconds for the changes to materialize. Luckily, once your color setup is complete, the color model does not have a large performance impact, as in normal operation the `security()` calls will become the most important factor in determining response time. Also, once in a while a runtime error will occur when you change inputs. Just making another change will usually bring the indicator back up.
█ RAMBLINGS
Is this thing useful?
I'll let you decide. Bar Balance acts somewhat like an X-Ray on bars. The intrabars it analyzes are no secret; one can simply change the chart's resolution to see the same intrabars the indicator uses. What the indicator brings to traders is the precise count of up/down/neutral intrabars and, more importantly, the calculations it derives from them to present the information in a way that can make it easier to use in trading decisions.
How reliable is Bar Balance information?
By the same token that an up bar does not guarantee that more up bars will follow, future price movements cannot be inferred from the mere count of up/down/neutral intrabars. Price movement during any chart bar for which, let's say, 12 intrabars are analyzed, could be due to only one of those intrabars. One can thus easily see how only relying on bar balance information could be very misleading. The rationale behind Bar Balance is that when the information mined for multiple chart bars is aggregated, it can provide insight into the history behind chart bars, and thus some bias as to the strength of movements. An up chart bar where 11/12 intrabars are also up is assumed to be stronger than the same up bar where only 2/12 intrabars are up. This logic is not bulletproof, and sometimes Bar Balance will stray. Also, keep in mind that balance lines do not represent price momentum as RSI would. Bar Balance calculations have no idea where price is. Their perspective, like that of any historian, is very limited, constrained that it is to the narrow universe of up/down/neutral intrabar counts. You will thus see instances where price is moving up while Balance Momentum, for example, is moving down. When Bar Balance performs as intended, this indicates that the rally is weakening, which does necessarily imply that price will reverse. Occasionally, price will merrily continue to advance on weakening strength.
Divergences
Most of the divergence detection methods used here rely on a difference between the bias of a calculation involving a multi-bar average and a given bar's price direction. When using "Bar Balance on Bar" however, only the bar's balance and price movement are used. This is the default mode.
As usual, divergences are points of interest because they reveal imbalances, which may or may not become turning points. I do not share the overwhelming enthusiasm traders have for the purported ability of bullish/bearish divergences to indicate imminent reversals.
Superfluity
In "The Bed of Procrustes", Nassim Nicholas Taleb writes: To bankrupt a fool, give him information . Bar Balance can display lots of information. While learning to use a new indicator inevitably requires an adaptation period where we put it through its paces and try out all its options, once you have become used to Bar Balance and decide to adopt it, rigorously eliminate the components you don't use and configure the remaining ones so their visual prominence reflects their relative importance in your analysis. I tried to provide flexible options for traders to control this indicator's visuals for that exact reason—not for window dressing.
█ NOTES
For traders
• To avoid misleading traders who don't read script descriptions, the indicator shows nothing in the realtime bar.
• The Data Window shows key values for the indicator.
• All gradients used in this indicator determine their brightness intensities using advances/declines in the signal—not their relative position in a fixed scale.
• Note that because of the way gradients are optimized internally, changing their brightness will sometimes require bringing down the value a few steps before you see an impact.
• Because this indicator does not use volume, it will work on all markets.
For coders
• For those interested in gradients, this script uses an advanced version of the Advance/Decline gradient function from the PineCoders Color Gradient (16 colors) Framework . It allows more precise control over the range, steps and min/max values of the gradients.
• I use the PineCoders Coding Conventions for Pine to write my scripts.
• I used functions modified from the PineCoders MTF Selection Framework for the selection of timeframes.
█ THANKS TO:
— alexgrover who helped me think through the dampening method used to attenuate signal lines on high ratios of neutral intrabars.
— A guy called Kuan who commented on a Backtest Rookies presentation of their Volume Profile indicator . The technique I use to inspect intrabars is derived from Kuan's code.
— theheirophant , my partner in the exploration of the sometimes weird abysses of `security()`’s behavior at intrabar resolutions.
— midtownsk8rguy , my brilliant companion in mining the depths of Pine graphics. He is also the co-author of the PineCoders Color Gradient Frameworks . Indicator
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