Strategy
Strategy
TradingPortfolioLibrary "TradingPortfolio"
Simple functions for portfolio management. A portfolio is essentially
a float array with 3 positions that gets passed around
into these functions that ensure it gets properly updated as trading ensues.
An example usage:
import hugodanielcom/TradingPortfolio/XXXX as portfolio
var float my_portfolio = portfolio.init(0.0, strategy.initial_capital) // Initialize the portfolio with the strategy capital
if close < 10.0
portfolio.buy(my_portfolio, 10.0, close) // Buy when the close is below 10.0
plot(portfolio.total(my_portfolio), title = "Total portfolio value")
get_balance(portfolio) Gets the number of tokens and fiat available in the supplied portfolio.
Parameters:
portfolio : A portfolio float array as created by the `init()` function.
Returns: The tokens and fiat in a tuple
set_balance(portfolio, new_crypto, new_fiat) Sets the portfolio number of tokens and fiat amounts. This function overrides the current values in the portfolio and sets the provided ones as the new portfolio.
Parameters:
portfolio : A portfolio float array as created by the `init()` function.
new_crypto : The new amount of tokens in the portfolio.
new_fiat : The new amount of fiat in the portfolio
Returns: The tokens and fiat in a tuple
init(crypto, fiat) This function returns a clean portfolio. Start by calling this function and pass its return value as an argument to the other functions in this library.
Parameters:
crypto : The initial amount of tokens in the portfolio (defaults to 0.0).
fiat : The initial amount of fiat in the portfolio (defaults to 0.0).
Returns: The portfolio (a float )
crypto(portfolio) Gets the number of tokens in the portfolio
Parameters:
portfolio : A portfolio float array as created by the `init()` function.
Returns: The amount of tokens in the portfolio
fiat(portfolio) Gets the fiat in the portfolio
Parameters:
portfolio : A portfolio float array as created by the `init()` function.
Returns: The amount of fiat in the portfolio
retained(portfolio) Gets the amount of reatined fiat in the portfolio. Retained fiat is not considered as part of the balance when buying/selling, but it is considered as part of the total of the portfolio.
Parameters:
portfolio : A portfolio float array as created by the `init()` function.
Returns: The amount of retained fiat in the portfolio
retain(portfolio, fiat_to_retain) Sets the amount of fiat to retain. It removes the amount from the current fiat in the portfolio and marks it as retained.
Parameters:
portfolio : A portfolio float array as created by the `init()` function.
fiat_to_retain : The amount of fiat to remove and mark as retained.
Returns: void
total(portfolio, token_value) Calculates the total fiat value of the portfolio. It multiplies the amount of tokens by the supplied value and adds to the result the current fiat and retained amount.
Parameters:
portfolio : A portfolio float array as created by the `init()` function.
token_value : The fiat value of a unit (1) of token
Returns: A float that corresponds to the total fiat value of the portfolio (retained amount included)
ratio(portfolio, token_value) Calculates the ratio of tokens / fiat. The retained amount of fiat is not considered, only the active fiat being considered for trading.
Parameters:
portfolio : A portfolio float array as created by the `init()` function.
token_value : The fiat value of a unit (1) of token
Returns: A float between 1.0 and 0.0 that corresponds to the portfolio ratio of token / fiat (i.e. 0.6 corresponds to a portfolio whose value is made by 60% tokens and 40% fiat)
can_buy(portfolio, amount, token_value) Asserts that there is enough balance to buy the requested amount of tokens.
Parameters:
portfolio : A portfolio float array as created by the `init()` function.
amount : The amount of tokens to assert that can be bought
token_value : The fiat value of a unit (1) of token
Returns: A boolean value, true if there is capacity to buy the amount of tokens provided.
can_sell(portfolio, amount) Asserts that there is enough token balance to sell the requested amount of tokens.
Parameters:
portfolio : A portfolio float array as created by the `init()` function.
amount : The amount of tokens to assert that can be sold
Returns: A boolean value, true if there is capacity to sold the amount of tokens provided.
buy(portfolio, amount, token_value) Adjusts the portfolio state to perform the equivalent of a buy operation (as in, buy the requested amount of tokens at the provided value and set the portfolio accordingly).
Parameters:
portfolio : A portfolio float array as created by the `init()` function.
amount : The amount of tokens to buy
token_value : The fiat value of a unit (1) of token
Returns: A boolean value, true the requested amount of tokens was "bought" and the portfolio updated. False if nothing was changed.
sell(portfolio, amount, token_value) Adjusts the portfolio state to perform the equivalent of a sell operation (as in, sell the requested amount of tokens at the provided value and set the portfolio accordingly).
Parameters:
portfolio : A portfolio float array as created by the `init()` function.
amount : The amount of tokens to sell
token_value : The fiat value of a unit (1) of token
Returns: A boolean value, true the requested amount of tokens was "sold" and the portfolio updated. False if nothing was changed. Library
Indicator
Strategy
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Portfolio Backtester Engine█ OVERVIEW
Portfolio Backtester Engine (PBTE). This tool will allow you to backtest strategies across multiple securities at once. Allowing you to easier understand if your strategy is robust. If you are familiar with the PineCoders backtesting engine , then you will find this indicator pleasant to work with as it is an adaptation based on that work. Much of the functionality has been kept the same, or enhanced, with some minor adjustments I made on the account of creating a more subjectively intuitive tool.
█ HISTORY
The original purpose of the backtesting engine (`BTE`) was to bridge the gap between strategies and studies . Previously, strategies did not contain the ability to send alerts, but were necessary for backtesting. Studies on the other hand were necessary for sending alerts, but could not provide backtesting results . Often, traders would have to manage two separate Pine scripts to take advantage of each feature, this was less than ideal.
The `BTE` published by PineCoders offered a solution to this issue by generating backtesting results under the context of a study(). This allowed traders to backtest their strategy and simultaneously generate alerts for automated trading, thus eliminating the need for a separate strategy() script (though, even converting the engine to a strategy was made simple by the PineCoders!).
Fast forward a couple years and PineScript evolved beyond these issues and alerts were introduced into strategies. The BTE was not quite as necessary anymore, but is still extremely useful as it contains extra features and data not found under the strategy() context. Below is an excerpt of features contained by the BTE:
"""
More than `40` built-in strategies,
Customizable components,
Coupling with your own external indicator,
Simple conversion from Study to Strategy modes,
Post-Exit analysis to search for alternate trade outcomes,
Use of the Data Window to show detailed bar by bar trade information and global statistics, including some not provided by TV backtesting,
Plotting of reminders and generation of alerts on in-trade events.
"""
Before I go any further, I want to be clear that the BTE is STILL a good tool and it is STILL very useful. The Portfolio Backtesting Engine I am introducing is only a tangental advancement and not to be confused as a replacement, this tool would not have been possible without the `BTE`.
█ THE PROBLEM
Most strategies built in Pine are limited by one thing. Data. Backtesting should be a rigorous process and researchers should examine the performance of their strategy across all market regimes; that includes, bullish and bearish markets, ranging markets, low volatility and high volatility. Depending on your TV subscription The Pine Engine is limited to 5k-20k historical bars available for backtesting, which can often leave the strategy results wanting. As a general rule of thumb, strategies should be tested across a quantity of historical bars which will allow for at least 100 trades. In many cases, the lack of historical bars available for backtesting and frequency of the strategy signals produces less than 100 trades, rendering your strategy results inconclusive.
█ THE SOLUTION
In order to be confident that we have a robust strategy we must test it across all market regimes and we must have over 100 trades. To do this effectively, researchers can use the Portfolio Backtesting Engine (PBTE).
By testing a strategy across a carefully selected portfolio of securities, researchers can now gather 5k-20k historical bars per security! Currently, the PTBE allows up to 5 securities, which amounts to 25k-100k historical bars.
█ HOW TO USE
1 — Add the indicator to your chart.
• Confirm inputs. These will be the most important initial values which you can change later by clicking the gear icon ⚙ and opening up the settings of the indicator.
2 — Select a portfolio.
• You will want to spend some time carefully selecting a portfolio of securities.
• Each security should be uncorrelated.
• The entire portfolio should contain a mix of different market regimes.
You should understand that strategies generally take advantage of one particular type of market regime. (trending, ranging, low/high volatility)
For example, the default RSI strategy is typically advantageous during ranging markets, whereas a typical moving average crossover strategy is advantageous in trending markets.
If you were to use the standard RSI strategy during a trending market, you might be selling when you should be buying.
Similarily, if you use an SMA crossover during a ranging market, you will find that the MA's may produce many false signals.
Even if you build a strategy that is designed to be used only in a trending market, it is still best to select a portfolio of all market regimes
as you will be able to test how your strategy will perform when the market does something unexpected.
3 — Test a built-in strategy or add your own.
• Navigate to gear icon ⚙ (settings) of strategy.
• Choose your options.
• Select a Main Entry Strat and Alternate Entry Strat .
• If you want to add your own strategy, you will need to modify the source code and follow the built-in example.
• You will only need to generate (buy 1 / sell -1/ neutral 0) signals.
• Select a Filter , by default these are all off.
• Select an Entry Stop - This will be your stop loss placed at the trade entry.
• Select Pyamiding - This will allow you to stack positions. By default this is off.
• Select Hard Exits - You can also think of these as Take Profits.
• Let the strategy run and take note of the display tables results.
• Portfolio - Shows each security.
• The strategy runs on each asset in your portfolio.
• The initial capital is equally distributed across each security.
So if you have 5 securities and a starting capital of 100,000$ then each security will run the strategy starting with 20,000$
The total row will aggregate the results on a bar by bar basis showing the total results of your initial capital.
• Net Profit (NP) - Shows profitability.
• Number of Trades (#T) - Shows # of trades taken during backtesting period.
• Typically will want to see this number greater than 100 on the "Total" row.
• Average Trade Length (ATL) - Shows average # of days in a trade.
• Maximum Drawdown (MD ) - Max peak-to-valley equity drawdown during backtesting period.
• This number defines the minimum amount of capital required to trade the system.
• Typically, this shouldn’t be lower than 34% and we will want to allow for at least 50% beyond this number.
• Maximum Loss (ML) - Shows largest loss experienced on a per-trade basis.
• Normally, don’t want to exceed more than 1-2 % of equity.
• Maximum Drawdown Duration (MDD) - The longest duration of a drawdown in equity prior to a new equity peak.
• This number is important to help us psychologically understand how long we can expect to wait for a new peak in account equity.
• Maximum Consecutive Losses (MCL) - The max consecutive losses endured throughout the backtesting period.
• Another important metric for trader psychology, this will help you understand how many losses you should be prepared to handle.
• Profit to Maximum Drawdown (P:MD) - A ratio for the average profit to the maximum drawdown.
• The higher the ratio is, the better. Large profits and small losses contribute to a good PMD.
• This metric allows us to examine the profit with respect to risk.
• Profit Loss Ratio (P:L) - Average profit over the average loss.
• Typically this number should be higher in trend following systems.
• Mean reversion systems show lower values, but compensate with a better win %.
• Percent Winners (% W) - The percentage of winning trades.
• Trend systems will usually have lower win percentages, since statistically the market is only trending roughly 30% of the time.
• Mean reversion systems typically should have a high % W.
• Time Percentage (Time %) - The amount of time that the system has an open position.
• The more time you are in the market, the more you are exposed to market risk, not to mention you could be using that money for something else right?
• Return on Investment (ROI) - Your Net Profit over your initial investment, represented as a percentage.
• You want this number to be positive and high.
• Open Profit (OP) - If the strategy has any open positions, the floating value will be represented here.
• Trading Days (TD) - An important metric showing how many days the strategy was active.
• This is good to know and will be valuable in understanding how long you will need to run this strategy in order to achieve results.
█ FEATURES
These are additional features that extend the original `BTE` features.
- Portfolio backtesting.
- Color coded performance results.
- Circuit Breakers that will stop trading.
- Position reversals on exit. (Simulating the function of always in the market. Similar to strategy.entry functionality)
- Whipsaw Filter
- Moving Average Filter
- Minimum Change Filter
- % Gain Equity Exit
- Popular strategies, (MACD, MA cross, supertrend)
Below are features that were excluded from the original `BTE`
- 2 stage in-trade stops with kick-in rules (This was a subjective decision to remove. I found it to be complex and thwarted my use of the `BTE` for some time.)
- Simple conversion from Study to Strategy modes. (Not possible with multiple securities)
- Coupling with your own external indicator (Not really practical to use with multiple securities, but could be used if signals were generated based on some indicator which was not based on the current chart)
- Use of the Data Window to show detailed bar by bar trade information and global statistics.
- Post Exit Analysis.
- Plotting of reminders and generation of alerts on in-trade events.
- Alerts (These may be added in the future by request when I find the time.)
█ THANKS
The whole PineCoders team for all their shared knowledge and original publication of the BTE and Richard Weismann for his ideas on building robust strategies.
═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ Indicator
RedK Portfolio Tracker [Table Version]RedK Portfolio Tracker is a simple tool that enables a trader to monitor and track a portfolio of up to 10 holdings (+ free cash) in real time - directly on the chart
Now that we have tables in Pine, this is a table version of my previously published Portfolio Tracker
- The table works better in visualizing the various table elements (title row, column labels..etc), and is more flexible in allowing color coding of gain/loss. for many traders, myself included, these simple visual signals are valuable in helping timely trading decisions.
I'll come back and improve this script as i'm really enjoying the ability to track things this way - if you liked this and want to receive the updates, please flag / favorite it below and you'll get notified when i publish new versions.
Some new features for the table version:
- ability to change default color of various table elements (text, default background, title background, gain/loss color, border..etc)
- ability to change the text size to suit your monitor and visual preference
- ability to change table position
The "portfolio-specific" inputs are similar to the previous version - we get the ability to enter up to 10 positions, entry price and qty, then also add the free cash
- also a change from prior version, this table will plot by default on the price chart, but will have no scale - the portfolio ploy itself will also show (blue/orange stepping line) but the PnL plot will be hidden by default -- how we plot the portfolio & P/L is possibly one of the areas for improvements for next versions - also thinking of other adding valuable data i track in my own trading, like the quarterly dividends for the held positions .. we'll see - this is just a start
hope some will find this useful. feel free to comment. Indicator
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RedK_Portfolio Tracker v2: few enhancements and display optionsThis is an update for the PTracker v1 that I published couple of days ago. wanted to publish this as a separate script to get a chance to show how the new Portfolio Summary Infobox can be displayed on the price chart as an option. In my opinion, that info box is the most important element in this tool and that's the piece i was most looking for.
quick note here: you can track your portfolio (if not so many positions) by entering something like (without the brackets) in PulseWire's chart symbol area - PulseWire will resolve these symbols and chart the total -- there's a nice post by our friend @boji1 about this in a lot more details - however, that wouldn't show the stats that i need to look at to track my portfolio on daily basis.
i also made couple of other enhancements, like adding the ability to include "free cash" in the portfolio - While this free cash value will impact the Total P/L and P/L %, as part of the overall portfolio (and the denominator), it will not impact the "cost of positions" or the (current) "value of positions" -- also "Cash" will not count towards the total 10 positions that we can track with this tool.
Using Portfolio Tracker as a floating panel on the price chart
====================================================
By default, when the Portfolio Tracker is added to the chart, it will occupy its own lower panel like the picture above.
if your charts are already busy (like mine :)) - you most probably already have a couple of lower studies and it's crowded there.
in this case, you can use the Object Tree tool after adding the PTracker, to drag it onto the price panel, or you can also do that by right-clicking on the infobox and choose to move up to the price panel.
when you do that, remember to also use the Style settings of PTracker to hide both Portfolio and PnL plots, and choose Scale = no scale - this way you get the infobox to work like a floating panel on the price chart
here's a screenshot that shows this scenario - also shows how the infobox color can be easily changed from the PTracker settings to suit your chart background and for best visibility
i hope this is useful in your trading - i look forward to @PulseWire team surprising us with a real portfolio tracking capability soon :)
good luck. Indicator
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Alpha & BetaAlpha & Beta Indicators for Portfolio Performance
β = Σ Correlation (RP, RM) * (σP/σM)
α P = E(RP) –
Where,
RP = Portfolio Return (or Investment Return)
RM = Market Return (or Benchmark Index)
RF = Risk-Free Rate
How to use the Indicator
RM = SPX (Default)
The Market Return for the indicator has the options of $SPX, $NDX, or $DJI (S&P 500, Nasdaq 100, Dow 30)
RF = FRED: DTB3
The Risk-Free Rate in the Indicator is set to the 3-Month Treasury Bill: Secondary Market Rate
The Default Timeframe is 1260 or 5-Years (252 Trading Days in One Year)
RP = The symbol you enter
HOWEVER , you can determine your portfolio value by following the following directions below.
Note: I am currently working on an indicator that will allow you to insert the weights of your positions.
Complete Portfolio Analysis Directions
You will first need...
a) spreadsheet application - Google Sheets is Free, but Microsoft Excel will convert ticker symbols to Stocks and Retrieve Data.
b) your current stock tickers, quantity of shares, and last price information
In the spreadsheet,
In the first column list the stock tickers...
AMZN
AAPL
TSLA
In the second column list the quantity of shares you own...
5
10
0.20
In the third column insert the last price
Excel: Three tickers will automatically give you the option to "Convert to Stocks",
after conversion, click once on cell and click the small tab in the upper right-hand of the highlighted cell.
Click the tab and a menu pops up
Find "Price", "Price Extended-Hours", or "Previous Close"...
$3,284.72
$497.48
$2,049.98
Next, multiply the number of shares by the price (Stock Market Value)
Excel: in fourth column type "=(B1*C1)", "=(B2*C2)", "=(B3*C3)"...
= $16,423.60
= $4,974.80
= $410.00
add the three calculated numbers together or click "ΣAutoSum" (Portfolio Market Value)
= $21,808.40
Last, divide the market value of AMZN ($16,423.60) by the Portfolio Market Value ($21,808.40) for each of the stocks.
= 0.7531
= 0.2281
= 0.0188
These values are the weight of the stock in your portfolio.
Go back to PulseWire
Enter into the "search box" the following...
AMZN*0.7531 + AAPL*0.2281 + TSLA*0.0188
and click Enter
Now you can use the "Alpha & Beta" Indicator to analyze your entire portfolio! Indicator
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